A client comes to the primary healthcare clinic and reports that her current sexual partner was recently diagnosed with gonorrhea.
Which treatment would you expect the client and her partner to receive?

Choice A rationale

While vitamin K, found in green leafy vegetables, is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X), it is relevant to individuals on warfarin therapy. For general deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention, the focus is on promoting venous return and preventing stasis, not dietary modification regarding vitamin K, unless a client is on specific anticoagulants.

Choice B rationale

Massaging lower extremities in a client at risk for DVT is contraindicated because it could theoretically dislodge a pre-existing, non-symptomatic clot. Dislodgement can convert the deep vein thrombus into a pulmonary embolus (PE), a life-threatening complication where the clot travels to the pulmonary vasculature, impeding gas exchange.

Choice C rationale

Sequential compression devices (SCDs) use intermittent, pneumatic pressure to cyclically compress the leg, simulating the action of the skeletal muscle pump. This external compression promotes venous blood flow from the superficial to the deep veins, which effectively reduces venous stasis and the associated risk of thrombus formation, a primary mechanism in DVT pathogenesis.

Choice D rationale

Limiting movement of the lower extremities increases venous stasis, which is a key component of Virchow's triad (venous stasis, endothelial injury, hypercoagulability) and a major risk factor for DVT formation. Promoting activity, such as frequent position changes, ambulation, or ankle pumps, is the core physical intervention for preventing DVT.

Choice A rationale

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in males can cause urethritis, epididymitis, and proctitis, leading to pain and inflammation; however, it is not a common or direct cause of meningitis. Meningitis is typically caused by bacterial pathogens like Neisseria meningitidis or Streptococcus pneumoniae or viral agents that infect the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

Choice B rationale

Persistent infection with high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of nearly all cases of cervical cancer due to the integration of viral DNA into host cells, leading to cellular transformation. The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 interfere with host tumor suppressor proteins, such as p and retinoblastoma protein, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation and malignant progression in the cervical epithelium.

Choice C rationale

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, most commonly caused by ascending infection from the cervix with bacteria, particularly Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) typically causes localized genital lesions or, less commonly, systemic symptoms, but it is not generally recognized as a significant causative agent for the upper tract infection that defines PID.

Choice D rationale

A neonate can acquire Chlamydia trachomatis during vaginal birth from an infected mother, leading to neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum), an infection of the mucous membrane lining the eyelids. If this infection is untreated, it can cause corneal scarring, potentially leading to visual impairment or blindness, underscoring the importance of prenatal screening and prophylactic eye treatment.