A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established, what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?
Diphenhydramine.
Epinephrine.
Dopamine.
Calcium chloride.
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. Epinephrine.
Choice A rationale:
Diphenhydramine. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine commonly used to relieve allergic symptoms such as itching, rash, and runny nose. While it can be part of the treatment for anaphylactic reactions, it is not the medication of choice for immediate administration in the case of a severe anaphylactic reaction like the one described in the scenario.
Choice B rationale:
Epinephrine. Correct Answer. In cases of severe anaphylactic reactions, epinephrine (adrenaline) is the medication of choice for immediate administration. Epinephrine acts rapidly to reverse life-threatening symptoms, such as airway constriction, low blood pressure, and hives. It works by dilating airways, increasing heart rate, and improving blood pressure.
Choice C rationale:
Dopamine. Dopamine is a medication used to increase blood pressure and cardiac output in certain critical situations. However, it is not the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions. Epinephrine's effects on airway and cardiovascular function make it the preferred choice in this context.
Choice D rationale:
Calcium chloride. Calcium chloride is not the appropriate medication for treating anaphylactic reactions. Its main medical uses include treating hypocalcemia (low blood calcium levels) and certain cardiac arrhythmias. It does not address the primary symptoms and physiological changes associated with anaphylaxis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["2.6"]
Explanation
Step 1: Calculate the total mg per dose. 325 mg × 2 tablets = 650 mg
Step 2: Calculate the number of doses in 24 hours. 24 hours ÷ 6 hours = 4 doses
Step 3: Calculate the total mg in 24 hours. 650 mg × 4 doses = 2600 mg
Step 4: Convert mg to grams. 2600 mg ÷ 1000 = 2.6
Answer: 2.6
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: Concrete operations stage.
Choice A rationale:
The preoperational stage, which occurs roughly between ages 2 and 7, is characterized by egocentrism, animism, and a lack of conservation. Children in this stage struggle with understanding that quantities can remain the same even if their appearance changes. For instance, they might think that pouring water from a tall glass into a short, wide glass somehow changes the amount of water. This stage does not demonstrate the mental understanding required for the examples given in the question.
Choice B rationale:
The intuitive thought stage, which typically spans from ages 4 to 7, is marked by increased symbolic thinking but still lacks the capacity for logical and systematic reasoning. Children in this stage might be able to count and perform basic arithmetic, but they struggle with more complex operations and understanding the underlying principles of mathematical operations. This stage is not where the ability to understand the given math operations is firmly established.
Choice C rationale:
The concrete operations stage, which encompasses ages 7 to 11, is characterized by the development of logical and systematic thinking. Children in this stage are capable of understanding basic mathematical principles and operations, such as conservation of quantity and simple arithmetic. They can mentally manipulate numbers and understand that reversing an operation will yield the original quantity. Therefore, this stage is when the ability to understand that 1 + 3 = 4 and 4 - 3 = 1 occurs.
Choice D rationale:
The formal operations stage, typically beginning around age 11, is characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking. This is when adolescents and adults can engage in complex reasoning and consider multiple possibilities and outcomes. The given math operations are not the focus of this stage; rather, it pertains to more advanced cognitive abilities like hypothetical problem-solving and deductive reasoning.
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