The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement?
Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks.
Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops.
Administering penicillin.
Avoiding salicylates (aspirin).
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C: Administering penicillin.
Choice A rationale:
Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks. This choice is not the most appropriate therapeutic management for rheumatic fever. While rest is important during the acute phase, strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks is excessive and could lead to physical deconditioning and psychological distress for the child.
Choice B rationale:
Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops. This choice is relevant to the management of rheumatic fever but is not the primary treatment. Chorea is a movement disorder that can occur as a complication of rheumatic fever. Corticosteroids may be used to manage chorea symptoms, but they are not the mainstay of treatment for rheumatic fever itself.
Choice C rationale:
Administering penicillin. This is the correct choice. Penicillin is the mainstay of treatment for rheumatic fever. It helps eradicate the group A streptococcal infection that triggers the inflammatory response leading to rheumatic fever. Penicillin is essential to prevent further complications such as rheumatic heart disease.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding salicylates (aspirin). This choice is also relevant to the management of rheumatic fever. Salicylates, including aspirin, are used to relieve symptoms and reduce inflammation. However, in children with acute rheumatic fever, salicylates are contraindicated due to the risk of developing Reye's syndrome, a serious condition that affects the brain and liver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. "Currant jelly" stools.
Choice A rationale:
Loose, foul-smelling stools are not characteristic of intussusception. Intussusception is a condition in which a part of the intestine invaginates into another part, causing obstruction. This obstruction often leads to "currant jelly" stools, which are composed of mucus, blood, and sloughed intestinal tissue. Loose stools might be associated with other gastrointestinal issues but are not a hallmark of intussusception.
Choice B rationale:
Ribbon-like stools are characteristic of intussusception. When a section of the intestine telescopes into another section, it can cause the stool to be squeezed into a ribbon-like shape as it passes through the narrowed portion. This description aligns with the pathophysiology of intussusception.
Choice C rationale:
Hard stools positive for guaiac indicate the presence of blood in the stool, but this finding is not specific to intussusception. Guaiac testing detects occult blood, which could be present in various gastrointestinal conditions, including bleeding ulcers or diverticulitis, and not exclusively in intussusception.
Choice D rationale:
"Currant jelly" stools are characteristic of intussusception. As mentioned earlier, these stools are the result of the obstruction and subsequent damage to the intestinal lining, leading to the presence of blood, mucus, and sloughed tissue. This description is a classic sign of intussusception and should raise suspicion for this condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: Concrete operations stage.
Choice A rationale:
The preoperational stage, which occurs roughly between ages 2 and 7, is characterized by egocentrism, animism, and a lack of conservation. Children in this stage struggle with understanding that quantities can remain the same even if their appearance changes. For instance, they might think that pouring water from a tall glass into a short, wide glass somehow changes the amount of water. This stage does not demonstrate the mental understanding required for the examples given in the question.
Choice B rationale:
The intuitive thought stage, which typically spans from ages 4 to 7, is marked by increased symbolic thinking but still lacks the capacity for logical and systematic reasoning. Children in this stage might be able to count and perform basic arithmetic, but they struggle with more complex operations and understanding the underlying principles of mathematical operations. This stage is not where the ability to understand the given math operations is firmly established.
Choice C rationale:
The concrete operations stage, which encompasses ages 7 to 11, is characterized by the development of logical and systematic thinking. Children in this stage are capable of understanding basic mathematical principles and operations, such as conservation of quantity and simple arithmetic. They can mentally manipulate numbers and understand that reversing an operation will yield the original quantity. Therefore, this stage is when the ability to understand that 1 + 3 = 4 and 4 - 3 = 1 occurs.
Choice D rationale:
The formal operations stage, typically beginning around age 11, is characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking. This is when adolescents and adults can engage in complex reasoning and consider multiple possibilities and outcomes. The given math operations are not the focus of this stage; rather, it pertains to more advanced cognitive abilities like hypothetical problem-solving and deductive reasoning.
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