A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

A. The intracellular space contains most of the body's water: While it is true that the intracellular space holds the majority of the body's water, this statement does not specifically relate to the concept of fluid volume deficit or how the body responds to it.

B. A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors: In fact, fluid volume deficit activates baroreceptors due to reduced blood pressure, leading to compensatory mechanisms like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure.

C. When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss: This statement accurately describes the process during fluid volume deficit. The intravascular space loses water, leading to decreased blood volume, which can result in symptoms like hypotension and reduced tissue perfusion.

D. A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs: This statement is incorrect; a negative fluid balance occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in, leading to dehydration or fluid volume deficit.

A. Apply positive pressure ventilation and provide supportive care with pain management: While supportive care is important, positive pressure ventilation may not be sufficient to address the underlying issue, which is likely a pneumothorax or hemothorax.
B. Perform needle decompression of the pleural space followed by chest tube insertion: This is the most appropriate initial management for a patient with paradoxical chest wall movement, which is a sign of flail chest and likely pneumothorax. Needle decompression can relieve pressure in the pleural space, and chest tube insertion can help drain any fluid or air that has accumulated.
C. Administer intravenous antibiotics and arrange for an elective surgical repair: While infection may be a concern, it is not the most immediate priority in this case. The patient's respiratory distress needs to be addressed first.
D. Provide high-flow oxygen and intubate the patient for mechanical ventilation: While oxygen therapy may be necessary, intubation should be considered as a last resort if other measures fail to improve oxygenation. In this case, needle decompression and chest tube insertion are more likely to be effective in improving respiratory function.