A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Clients who have had gastric bypass surgery
Clients who have renal failure
Clients receiving opioid pain medications
Clients who are in the intensive care unit
Clients undergoing hemodialysis
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Clients who have had gastric bypass surgery: Gastric bypass surgery can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients, including magnesium, making these clients at higher risk for hypomagnesemia.
B. Clients who have renal failure: Renal failure can impair the kidneys' ability to excrete magnesium, potentially leading to hypomagnesemia.
C. Clients receiving opioid pain medications: Opioids are not directly associated with hypomagnesemia. They may have other side effects but do not typically cause low magnesium levels.
D. Clients who are in the intensive care unit: ICU patients are at risk for various electrolyte imbalances, including hypomagnesemia, due to critical illness, medications, and other factors.
E. Clients undergoing hemodialysis: Hemodialysis can lead to loss of magnesium, making these patients more susceptible to hypomagnesemia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cardiac enlargement: Chronic hypoxia leads to increased workload on the heart as it works harder to deliver oxygen to tissues. This can result in cardiac enlargement or right-sided heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension, a common consequence of long-term hypoxia.
B. Exophthalmos: Exophthalmos is protrusion of the eyes and is typically associated with thyroid disorders, such as Graves' disease, rather than chronic hypoxia.
C. Gastric ulcerations: While stress and certain medications can lead to gastric ulcerations, they are not directly caused by chronic hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia mainly affects the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems.
D. Urinary tract infections: Chronic hypoxia does not typically lead to urinary tract infections. UTIs are more commonly associated with factors such as poor hygiene, urinary obstruction, or immunosuppression.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Oral antibiotics: Antibiotics are not indicated for allergic rhinitis, as it is an allergic condition rather than an infection.
B. Oral decongestants: While decongestants can provide temporary relief from nasal congestion, they can also cause rebound congestion if used for prolonged periods.
C. Nasal saline irrigation: Nasal saline irrigation can help to clear out mucus and allergens but is not a primary treatment for allergic rhinitis.
D. Intranasal corticosteroids: Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis, as they reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and help to alleviate symptoms.
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