A 50-year-old male patient with a history of chronic alcoholism presents with fatigue, glossitis, and peripheral neuropathy. Laboratory findings show a hemoglobin level of 9.0 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 110 fL. What type of anemia is most likely in this patient?

Iron deficiency anemia

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

Thalassemia minor

Anemia of chronic disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Iron deficiency anemia typically presents with a low MCV, not an elevated MCV, and it is less likely to be associated with the symptoms of glossitis and peripheral neuropathy.
B.   Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a likely diagnosis in this patient. Chronic alcohol use can lead to malabsorption of vitamin B12, which contributes to macrocytic anemia (high MCV). Symptoms like glossitis and peripheral neuropathy are common in B12 deficiency.
C.   Thalassemia minor usually presents with microcytic anemia and would not typically cause the elevated MCV or neurological symptoms seen in this patient.
D.   Anemia of chronic disease typically presents with a normal or low MCV and is not associated with elevated MCV or the neurological symptoms seen in this patient.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decreased blood pressure is not typically associated with contrast-induced nephropathy. In fact, patients may present with normal or elevated blood pressure, especially in those with a history of chronic hypertension.
B. Metabolic acidosis is a common complication of acute kidney injury (AKI), including contrast-induced nephropathy. As kidney function declines, the kidneys' ability to excrete acids diminishes, leading to the accumulation of acids in the blood and resulting in metabolic acidosis.
C. Hypocalcemia is not a common feature of contrast-induced nephropathy. While AKI can cause disturbances in calcium and phosphate balance, hypocalcemia is not typically a predominant finding.
D. Increased urine specific gravity may not be a significant finding in contrast-induced nephropathy. This condition generally leads to impaired kidney function, which may present with urine output changes, but urine specific gravity can vary depending on the stage of AKI.

A. Hirsutism B. Bladder spasms C. Hyperglycemia D. Hypotension E. Delayed wound healing

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Hirsutism (excessive hair growth) can occur due to corticosteroid use, as they can increase the production of androgens.
B. Bladder spasms are not typically associated with corticosteroid use but may occur with multiple sclerosis itself.
C. Hyperglycemia is a common side effect of corticosteroids, as they can impair insulin sensitivity.
D. Corticosteroids typically cause hypertension, not hypotension, as a side effect.
E. Delayed wound healing is a well-known side effect of corticosteroid therapy, as steroids can suppress immune function.

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A 50-year-old male patient with a history of chronic alcoholism presents with fatigue, glossitis, and peripheral neuropathy. Laboratory findings show a hemoglobin level of 9.0 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 110 fL. What type of anemia is most likely in this patient?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 72-year-old patient with a history of chronic hypertension is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to contrast-induced nephropathy. Which clinical finding would most likely be present in this patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is receiving methylprednisolone. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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