A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.)
(Select All that Apply.)

Epithelial cells

OT lymphocytes

Hyperreactivity

Mast cells

Inflammation

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

Choice A Reason:

Epithelial cells is correct. Epithelial cells lining the airways play a role in initiating the inflammatory response in asthma by releasing cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. These cells can contribute to the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines seen in status asthmaticus.

Choice B Reason:

OT lymphocytes is incorrect. There is no specific cell type known as "OT lymphocytes." It's possible this may refer to T lymphocytes (T cells), which are involved in the immune response in asthma but are not typically associated with a circulatory surge in status asthmaticus.

Choice C Reason:

Hyperreactivity is incorrect. Hyperreactivity refers to the exaggerated response of the airways to various stimuli, leading to bronchoconstriction and inflammation. While hyperreactivity is a characteristic feature of asthma, it does not directly contribute to a circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines.

Choice D Reason:

Mast cells is correct. Mast cells are key players in the pathophysiology of asthma. They release various inflammatory mediators, including histamine and leukotrienes, which contribute to airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production. Mast cells can participate in the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in status asthmaticus.

Choice E Reason:

Inflammation is correct. Inflammation is a hallmark feature of asthma and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of status asthmaticus. The inflammatory response involves the recruitment and activation of various inflammatory cells, release of cytokines, and other mediators that contribute to airway obstruction and systemic effects.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Chronic cough is correct. Persistent cough is a common symptom of COPD, often occurring due to irritation and inflammation in the airways.

Choice B Reason:

Sputum production is correct. COPD patients frequently experience increased mucus production, leading to coughing up phlegm or sputum, especially in the morning.

Choice C Reason:

Dyspnea is correct. Shortness of breath or dyspnea is a hallmark symptom of COPD, particularly during physical activity or exertion, and it tends to worsen as the disease progresses.

Choice D Reason:

Wheezing occurs due to narrowed airways and increased airway resistance. It is more noticeable during expiration but can also be present during inspiration in severe cases.

Choice E Reason:

Chest tightness is incorrect. While chest tightness can occur in COPD, it is typically more associated with asthma. However, some individuals with COPD may experience chest tightness, especially during exacerbations or when airflow is significantly limited.

A. "You must experiment with your body to find out what stimulation is enjoyable after your injury." B. "You will not be able to have an intimate relationship with anyone after a spinal cord injury." C. "You should not feel undesirable after your injury. You are still nice-looking." D. "Clients who have a spinal cord injury are not aroused by touch around the groin area."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

"You must experiment with your body to find out what stimulation is enjoyable after your injury." This statement encourages the client to explore their body and discover what types of sexual stimulation are enjoyable and pleasurable for them post-injury. It promotes self-discovery and empowerment in sexual expression, which can be important for sexual satisfaction and intimacy.

Choice B Reason:

"You will not be able to have an intimate relationship with anyone after a spinal cord injury." This statement is incorrect and defeatist. It can create unnecessary feelings of hopelessness and despair in the client. Individuals with spinal cord injuries can still have intimate relationships and engage in sexual activity with partners, albeit with potential adjustments or accommodations.

Choice C Reason:

"You should not feel undesirable after your injury. You are still nice-looking. “While it's important to address body image concerns and reassure the client about their physical appearance, this statement may not directly address sexual stimulation or intimacy. However, it can help promote self-confidence and positive self-esteem, which are important aspects of sexuality and relationships.

Choice D Reason:

"Clients who have a spinal cord injury are not aroused by touch around the groin area." This statement is inaccurate and dismissive of the individual's potential for sexual arousal and pleasure. Sensation and arousal can vary among individuals with spinal cord injuries, and touch around the groin area may still be arousing for some individuals, depending on the level and extent of injury.

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A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about sexual stimulation. Which of the following statements by the nurse should be included in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect with neurogenic shock? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)

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A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.)
(Select All that Apply.)