17-year-old student with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse which hormone causes the blood glucose level to rise. When responding the nurse should explain in language that the client can understand that liver glycogenolysis is stimulated by a hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans Which hormone is this?

Insulin

Epinephrine

Glucagon

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells.

B. Epinephrine (adrenaline) can raise blood glucose levels in response to the "fight or flight" stress response, but it's not primarily responsible for stimulating liver glycogenolysis.

C. Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans and plays a crucial role in increasing blood glucose levels. It promotes the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis) in the liver and the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (gluconeogenesis).

D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol, which can also contribute to raising blood glucose levels but isn't primarily responsible for liver glycogenolysis.

In the context of diabetes management, understanding the role of glucagon is important because it helps individuals know how to manage hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) by administering glucagon or consuming fast-acting sources of glucose.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Fatigue: Children with ALL often experience fatigue and weakness due to decreased red blood cell and platelet production as a result of bone marrow involvement by leukemia cells.

C. Pallor: Pallor, or paleness, is a common finding in children with ALL because of anemia (reduced red blood cell count).

E. Multiple bruises: Children with ALL may have an increased tendency to bruise and bleed due to low platelet counts, making them susceptible to easy bruising and petechiae.

The other options, B (Generalized edema) and D (Jaundice), are not typical clinical findings associated with ALL. Generalized edema is not a common symptom, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) is more commonly associated with liver conditions, not leukemia.

A. Place the infant in reverse Trendelenburg position B. Place the infant in the knee to chest position C. Take the infant's blood pressure in all extremities D. Notify the Physician

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Option A (Place the infant in reverse Trendelenburg position) and option B (Place the infant in the knee to chest position) are not the immediate actions to address this situation. While these positions might be used in specific situations, assessing blood pressure is more appropriate in this context to evaluate for potential vascular issues.

Option C. Take the infant's blood pressure in all extremities.

In an infant with weaker femoral pulses compared to the brachial and radial pulses, there might be a concern about coarctation of the aorta (a narrowing of the aorta), which can affect blood flow to the lower extremities. To confirm this and assess for potential issues, taking blood pressure measurements in all four extremities is crucial. This comparison can help identify pressure differentials between the upper and lower extremities, which is a hallmark sign of coarctation of the aorta.

Option D (Notify the Physician) is generally a good step, but taking the blood pressure in all extremities should be done first to provide comprehensive information for the physician when discussing the infant's condition.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the child? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is performing an admission assessment on the neonate and finds femoral pulses to be weaker than the brachial and radial pulses. The next nursing action should be

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is aware that the Tanner staging system for sexual maturity is:

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