17-year-old student with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse which hormone causes the blood glucose level to rise. When responding the nurse should explain in language that the client can understand that liver glycogenolysis is stimulated by a hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans Which hormone is this?
Insulin
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells.
B. Epinephrine (adrenaline) can raise blood glucose levels in response to the "fight or flight" stress response, but it's not primarily responsible for stimulating liver glycogenolysis.
C. Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans and plays a crucial role in increasing blood glucose levels. It promotes the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis) in the liver and the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (gluconeogenesis).
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol, which can also contribute to raising blood glucose levels but isn't primarily responsible for liver glycogenolysis.
In the context of diabetes management, understanding the role of glucagon is important because it helps individuals know how to manage hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) by administering glucagon or consuming fast-acting sources of glucose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lordosis: Lordosis is an excessive inward curvature of the spine, typically seen in the lower back. It is often referred to as "swayback."
B. Torticollis: Torticollis is a condition where the head is tilted to one side and may be rotated to the opposite side. It typically affects the neck muscles and is not related to lateral curvature of the spine.
C. Scoliosis.
Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine. It is characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine, which can lead to an "S" or "C" shape of the spine. Scoliosis can occur during adolescence, and routine physical examinations may reveal this condition.
D. Kyphosis: Kyphosis is an excessive outward curvature of the spine, which can result in a rounded or hunched back, often seen in the upper back or thoracic spine.
In summary, the lateral curvature of the spine observed in this adolescent should be documented as scoliosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The reticulocyte count is a measure of young, immature red blood cells. An elevated reticulocyte count indicates the bone marrow's ability to respond to anemia by producing new red blood cells.
For an infant, a reticulocyte count of 8% would be an indicator of severe anemia. An elevated reticulocyte count suggests the body is trying to compensate for the decreased number of mature red blood cells by producing more young ones. This is often seen in severe anemia as the body attempts to increase the red blood cell count.
The other options (A, C, and D) represent normal or less severe reticulocyte counts.
A reticulocyte count of 3% is within the normal range.
A reticulocyte count of 0.5% is on the lower side but not as severe as 8%.
A reticulocyte count of 5% indicates a response to anemia but is not as elevated as 8%.
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