17-year-old student with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse which hormone causes the blood glucose level to rise. When responding the nurse should explain in language that the client can understand that liver glycogenolysis is stimulated by a hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans Which hormone is this?
Insulin
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells.
B. Epinephrine (adrenaline) can raise blood glucose levels in response to the "fight or flight" stress response, but it's not primarily responsible for stimulating liver glycogenolysis.
C. Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans and plays a crucial role in increasing blood glucose levels. It promotes the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis) in the liver and the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (gluconeogenesis).
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol, which can also contribute to raising blood glucose levels but isn't primarily responsible for liver glycogenolysis.
In the context of diabetes management, understanding the role of glucagon is important because it helps individuals know how to manage hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) by administering glucagon or consuming fast-acting sources of glucose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.Growth of that leg may be affected.
When a fracture occurs near the epiphyseal plate of a long bone, such as the femur, there is a risk of damage to the growth plate. The growth plate (epiphyseal plate) is responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children. If the growth plate is injured or damaged during the fracture, it can potentially lead to growth disturbances and affect the growth of that leg.
B. Risk for infection at this location is increased: While any fracture has a risk of infection, the proximity to the epiphyseal plate doesn't necessarily increase the risk of infection.
C. Long bones contain marrow, which increases the risk for anemia: The presence of bone marrow in long bones is unrelated to the potential effects on bone growth after a fracture near the epiphyseal plate.
D. Fracture repair will necessitate prolonged traction: The use of traction for fracture repair can vary depending on the type and location of the fracture. However, the primary concern with a fracture near the epiphyseal plate is its potential impact on bone growth.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Trientine: Trientine is a medication used to treat copper overload in conditions like Wilson's disease. It is not indicated for iron overdose or toxicity.
B. Dimercaprol: Dimercaprol, also known as BAL (British Anti-Lewisite), is a chelating agent used to treat heavy metal poisoning but is not primarily used for iron overload or toxicity.
C. Ferrous gluconate: Ferrous gluconate is an iron supplement used to treat iron-deficiency anemia by providing additional iron to the body. It is not appropriate for treating iron overdose, as it would worsen the situation.
D. Deferoxamine.
Iron overdose, also known as iron toxicity, can lead to serious complications, including cardiac dysrhythmias. Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to remove excess iron from the body in cases of iron overload or toxicity, such as in patients with conditions like sickle cell anemia who require frequent blood transfusions. It binds to excess iron and helps excrete it from the body, reducing the risk of iron-related complications, including cardiac issues.
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