Types of Immunodeficiency Disorders:

A. Antibody Deficiencies:
1. Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID): CVID is one of the most common PIDs, characterized by reduced antibody production, leading to recurrent bacterial infections, particularly of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.
2. Selective IgA Deficiency: This condition involves a deficiency or absence of IgA antibodies, making affected individuals prone to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary infections.

B. T Cell Deficiencies:

1. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID): SCID is a severe form of PID characterized by impaired T cell function, leading to a lack of both cellular and humoral immunity. SCID is life-threatening and requires early diagnosis and intervention, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

2. DiGeorge Syndrome: DiGeorge syndrome results from incomplete development of the thymus and parathyroid glands, leading to T cell deficiencies and calcium metabolism disorders.

C. Phagocyte Deficiencies:

1. Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD): CGD is a PID characterized by impaired phagocyte function, particularly neutrophils, leading to recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. CGD is due to defects in the NADPH oxidase enzyme complex.

2. Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD): LAD is a group of disorders caused by defects in leukocyte adhesion molecules, resulting in impaired migration of immune cells to sites of infection and delayed wound healing.

D. Complement Deficiencies:

1. Hereditary Angioedema (HAE): HAE is caused by deficiencies or dysfunctions in complement proteins, leading to episodes of severe swelling of various body parts.

2. Complement Component Deficiencies: Deficiencies in various complement proteins can lead to increased susceptibility to certain infections, particularly encapsulated bacteria.

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Questions on Types of Immunodeficiency Disorders:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Immunodeficiency disorders are not typically treated with anti-inflammatory medications. Treatment may involve immunoglobulin replacement therapy, antiviral medications, or stem cell transplantation, depending on the specific disorder and its underlying cause.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Delayed wound healing may occur in individuals with immunodeficiency disorders due to the impaired immune response and decreased ability to fight infections at the site of a wound.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder involving insulin production and does not directly affect the immune system's function.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Immunodeficiency disorders primarily affect the immune system, not the nervous system.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Secondary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than primary immunodeficiency disorders, as they can be caused by various factors and are often associated with other medical conditions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Excessive production of white blood cells is not the primary cause of immunodeficiency disorders. In fact, immunodeficiency disorders are characterized by a deficiency or impairment of white blood cells, which are essential components of the immune system.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder that affects platelet function and immune system regulation but is not specifically associated with IgA deficiency.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by reduced levels of immunoglobulins, particularly IgG and IgA, but it does not typically lead to a complete deficiency of both T and B cells.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is d. Selective IgA deficiency. This disorder is characterized by a lack of immunoglobulin A, which can lead to an increased susceptibility to infections, particularly in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare disorders characterized by a severe deficiency of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of disorders that can be inherited in various patterns, including autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, or X-linked recessive. SCID affects both males and females and results in a severe deficiency of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Elevated blood pressure is not a common clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency disorders. It may be seen in conditions like hypertension or cardiovascular disorders.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is d. Abdominal pain and diarrhea. Abdominal pain and diarrhea are common clinical manifestations of immunodeficiency disorders. The weakened immune system makes the child more susceptible to gastrointestinal infections, leading to these symptoms.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Hearing loss is more commonly associated with conditions affecting the ears or the auditory system and is not a typical clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency disorders.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Hypertension and tachycardia are not characteristic clinical manifestations of immunodeficiency disorders. These symptoms may be associated with cardiovascular issues.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Difficulty falling asleep is not typically associated with primary immunodeficiency disorders. It may be related to sleep disorders or anxiety.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Persistent joint pain is not a characteristic symptom of SCID. It may be associated with other autoimmune or inflammatory conditions.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is d. Flow cytometry for lymphocyte subsets. Flow cytometry is a diagnostic test used to analyze the quantity and types of lymphocytes in the blood, which helps identify abnormalities in the immune system and diagnose immunodeficiency disorders.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is d. Absence or significantly reduced T cell levels. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is characterized by a severe deficiency or absence of T cells, which are essential for cell-mediated immunity.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A bone marrow aspiration is not a blood test to measure circulating antibodies. It is used to evaluate the bone marrow's cellular components, not circulating antibodies.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A urinalysis is a test used to assess the urine for various abnormalities and is not specific to diagnosing immunodeficiency disorders.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A complete blood count (CBC) is a general blood test that may reveal abnormalities in white blood cell count but does not specifically assess immunoglobulin levels.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Liver function tests are used to assess the health of the liver and are not specific to diagnosing SCID.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Initiating high-dose corticosteroid therapy is not appropriate for the management of immunodeficiency disorders. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system further and increase the risk of infections in these clients.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Consuming a diet rich in raw and undercooked meat is not recommended for clients with immunodeficiency disorders, as it can increase the risk of foodborne infections. It is important for these clients to follow food safety guidelines and avoid consuming raw or undercooked meat.

An electrolyte panel is used to assess the balance of electrolytes in the body and is not specifically related to monitoring the immune status or treatment response in clients with immunodeficiency disorders.

The correct answer is d. Ensuring the client receives prophylactic antibiotics as prescribed. Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly prescribed for clients with immunodeficiency disorders to prevent bacterial infections. It is essential to adhere to the prescribed antibiotic regimen to minimize the r

Reporting any signs of infection or illness promptly to the healthcare provider is essential for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with primary immunodeficiency disorders.

Clients with HIV infection should follow infection control precautions to prevent the transmission of the virus to others. Interacting freely with other clients may put them and others at risk of infection transmission.

Informing the healthcare provider if any signs of infection develop is crucial for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with immunodeficiency disorders.

Avoiding unpasteurized dairy products is important to reduce the risk of infections caused by foodborne pathogens in all individuals, including those with immunodeficiency disorders.

Wearing a mask when visiting the hospital or healthcare settings is a standard infection prevention measure for clients with immunodeficiency disorders to reduce the risk of acquiring infections from others.VI. Nursing Considerations:.Questions

While a diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables is generally beneficial for overall health, it does not specifically address the increased risk of infections in clients with immunodeficiency disorders. Strict infection control measures are more relevant to preventing infections in these clients.

Providing the client with a private room with negative pressure is not necessary for every client with immunodeficiency disorder. Negative pressure rooms are used for clients with specific airborne infectious diseases, and the decision to use such rooms is based on the specific circumstances of each

The correct answer is d. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene is essential to reduce the risk of infections in individuals with immunodeficiency disorders. Frequent handwashing is a simple yet effective way to prevent the transmission of infectious

While a healthy diet is essential for overall well-being, there is no specific evidence to suggest that a diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables will improve immune function in clients with immunodeficiency disorders. Dietary considerations for these clients may include avoiding certain high-risk

The correct answer is d. Maintain strict hand hygiene and utilize protective equipment when providing care. Children with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) have a severely compromised immune system, making them highly susceptible to infections. Strict hand hygiene and the use of protective equ

The correct answer is d. Teach the client about the importance of hand hygiene and infection control measures. For clients with immunodeficiency disorders, preventing infections is of utmost importance. Hand hygiene and infection control measures, such as proper handwashing techniques and avoiding c

Placing the client on strict isolation precautions may not be necessary for all clients with immunodeficiency disorders. The appropriate level of isolation precautions should be determined based on the client's specific condition and risk factors for infections.

Primary immunodeficiency disorders are often not easily treatable with antibiotics and antiviral medications because they result from genetic defects in the immune system.

Autoimmune diseases result from an overactive immune response attacking the body's own tissues, which is the opposite of immunodeficiency disorders where the immune system is weakened and unable to adequately protect against infections.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms, including eczema, low platelet count, and immunodeficiency. It primarily affects T cells and platelets, not B cells.

The correct answer is d. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is a common treatment option for patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders. It involves infusing patients with immunoglobulins (antibodies) to help boost their immune response and protect against infections.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance and is not directly related to primary immunodeficiency disorders.

The correct answer is d. Immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by medications or medical treatments. Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system is weakened or dysfunctional, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections. They can be primary (genetic) or secondary

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a secondary immunodeficiency disorder caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T cells, weakening the immune system's ability to fight infections.

Immunodeficiency disorders are characterized by a lack or dysfunction of specific immune components, such as B cells or T cells, leading to a decreased production of antibodies, not increased.

The correct answer is d. Immunoglobulin levels. Immunoglobulin levels, specifically IgG, IgM, and IgA, are commonly measured to assess immune function and identify deficiencies in immunoglobulin production. Abnormalities in immunoglobulin levels can indicate the presence of an immunodeficiency disor

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a secondary immunodeficiency disorder caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T cells, but it does not affect B cell function.

DiGeorge syndrome is caused by a deletion on chromosome 22 and primarily affects the development of certain organs, including the thymus and parathyroid glands, resulting in T-cell deficiency. While it may lead to some B-cell abnormalities, defective T-cell function is the hallmark of this disord

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Types of Immunodeficiency Disorders:

B. T Cell Deficiencies:

C. Phagocyte Deficiencies:

D. Complement Deficiencies:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is not a common symptom of immunodeficiency disorders? A Frequent, severe infections B Fatigue and weakness C Allergic reactions and skin rashes D Delayed wound healing Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is a primary immunodeficiency disorder? A Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection B Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) C Rheumatoid arthritis D Diabetes mellitus Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency disorders? A Environmental factors B Genetic or inherited defects C Autoimmune reactions D Excessive production of white blood cells Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which of the following immunodeficiency disorders is characterized by a deficiency of immunoglobulin A (Ig A a. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) B Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) C DiGeorge syndrome D Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a deficiency in immunoglobulin A (Ig A a. Selective IgM deficiency B X-linked agammaglobulinemia C Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) D Selective IgA deficiency Click to see answer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with an immunodeficiency disorder. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess in the client? A Hyperactivity and restlessness B Persistent fever and night sweats C Weight gain and increased appetite D Elevated blood pressure Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a child with an immunodeficiency disorder. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess in the child? A Rash and hives B Rapid weight loss C Excessive thirst and frequent urination D Abdominal pain and diarrhea Click to see answer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an elderly client with an immunodeficiency disorder. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess in the client? A Impaired balance and coordination B Recurrent skin infections C Vision changes and blindness D Hearing loss Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which of the following clinical manifestations is commonly seen in individuals with immunodeficiency disorders? A Hyperactivity and restlessness B Increased appetite and weight gain C Frequent and severe infections D Hypertension and tachycardia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following clinical manifestations is a common symptom of primary immunodeficiency disorders? A Unexplained weight loss B Recurrent skin rashes C Chronic diarrhea D Difficulty falling asleep Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following clinical manifestations is often observed in individuals with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)? A Recurrent ear infections B Chronic fatigue and lethargy C Failure to thrive D Persistent joint pain Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client suspected of having an immunodeficiency disorder. Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the client? A Complete blood count (CBC) with differential B Chest X-ray C Electrocardiogram (ECG) D Urinalysis Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an infant suspected of having severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the infant? A Tuberculin skin test (TST) B Western blot test C Flow cytometry D Liver function tests Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency disorders? A Severe allergic reactions B Chronic inflammation C Frequent and severe infections D Autoimmune diseases Click to see answer

Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a deficiency or absence of B cells and the inability to produce antibodies? A DiGeorge syndrome B Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) C Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) D Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome Click to see answer

Which of the following is a potential treatment option for patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders? A Allergy shots B Immunosuppressive medications C Blood transfusions D Immunoglobulin replacement therapy Click to see answer

Which of the following is a potential complication of primary immunodeficiency disorders? A Hypertension B Chronic fatigue syndrome C Autoimmune diseases D Diabetes mellitus Click to see answer

Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a lack of mature B cells and an inability to produce antibodies? A DiGeorge syndrome B X-linked agammaglobulinemia C Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) D Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Click to see answer

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency disorders? A Excessive inflammation at the site of infection B Hyperactive immune response to allergens C Frequent and severe infections D Increased production of antibodies Click to see answer

Which of the following diagnostic tests is commonly used to assess immune function in individuals suspected of having an immunodeficiency disorder? A Complete blood count (CBC) B Chest X-ray C Allergy skin testing D Immunoglobulin levels Click to see answer

Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a lack of T cell function and is often referred to as "bubble boy disease"? A DiGeorge syndrome B X-linked agammaglobulinemia C Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) D Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Click to see answer

Which of the following immunodeficiency disorders is characterized by defective T-cell function and is often diagnosed in infancy or early childhood? A X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) B Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency C Ataxia-telangiectasia D DiGeorge syndrome Click to see answer

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