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Classification of Anemia

- Hypoproliferative anemias: In hypoproliferative anemias, the marrow cannot produce adequate numbers of erythrocytes. Examples include iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia), folate deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, or anemia of chronic disease

- Hemolytic anemias: In hemolytic anemias, there is premature destruction of erythrocytes that results in the liberation of hemoglobin from the erythrocytes into the plasma. Examples include sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, or drug-induced hemolytic anemia

- Bleeding anemias: In bleeding anemias, there is loss of erythrocytes due to hemorrhage. Examples include trauma-induced bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding (ulcerative colitis), menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), or surgery-related bleeding

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Questions on Classification of Anemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This statement is incorrect. Anemia is not caused by a viral infection affecting the bone marrow; rather, it is typically caused by nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, or blood loss.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

This choice is correct because nuts and seeds, such as pumpkin seeds and almonds, are good sources of iron.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because calcium can interfere with the absorption of iron, so it's best to take ferrous sulfate at a different time than calcium supplements.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because vitamin D deficiency can lead to conditions like rickets, but it does not cause megaloblastic anemia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because although rest and activity balance are essential for overall well-being, they do not directly address the client's acute symptoms related to anemia.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This choice is correct because initiating oxygen therapy is the first priority in managing a vaso-occlusive crisis in a client with sickle cell anemia. It helps improve oxygenation and tissue perfusion, which are crucial during this crisis.Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, which affects red blood cell maturation but does not directly influence reticulocyte count.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because pernicious anemia is associated with macrocytic and normochromic red blood cells due to vitamin B12 deficiency.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because iron-deficiency anemia does not cause glossitis; however, it may present with fatigue and weakness.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because vitamin B12 deficiency is not typically associated with anemia in chronic kidney disease.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because aplastic anemia is characterized by a decrease in the number of all formed elements of the blood (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets), and it does not typically cause target cells.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This choice is correct. Megaloblastic anemia is characterized by macrocytic (large) and normochromic (normal color) red blood cells, which are the result of impaired DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. This condition is often caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.Questions

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

This choice is correct. Gastrointestinal bleeding, such as from peptic ulcers or inflammatory bowel disease, can lead to chronic blood loss and iron-deficiency anemia.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This choice is incorrect. Leafy green vegetables are good sources of folate, which is not directly related to pernicious anemia.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

<p>This choice is correct. Macrocytic anemia is commonly associated with alcoholism due to the direct toxic effects of alcohol on bone marrow, resulting in the production of larger-than-normal red blood cells (macrocytes).</p>

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because aplastic anemia is characterized by bone marrow suppression, resulting in decreased production of all blood cells, not hemolysis.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This choice is correct. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD), also known as anemia of inflammation, is a type of anemia that occurs in the setting of chronic inflammatory diseases. It is typically caused by the body's response to the inflammation, leading to impaired red blood cell production and a shortened red blood cell lifespan.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder and is not related to gastric bypass surgery.Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because anemia causes fatigue and decreased energy levels, not increased energy levels.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This choice is incorrect because diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is not a typical clinical manifestation of anemia.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This choice is correct. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia can cause neurological symptoms, including tingling in the hands and feet (paresthesia) and difficulty maintaining balance due to nerve damage.

This choice is incorrect because anemia is more likely to cause a decreased appetite rather than an increased appetite.

This choice is incorrect because clients experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis are more likely to feel fatigued and weak due to the lack of oxygen delivery, rather than having high energy levels.

This choice is incorrect because headaches and dizziness are not directly related to aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia primarily affects the bone marrow and leads to decreased production of all blood cells, rather than causing symptoms specific to the brain.Questions

This choice is incorrect because a urinalysis is not a diagnostic test for anemia. It is used to assess kidney function and urinary tract health.

This choice is incorrect because pernicious anemia is associated with a macrocytic MCV, not a microcytic MCV.

This choice is incorrect because increasing protein intake is important for overall health but does not directly help differentiate between iron-deficiency anemia and other types of anemia.

This choice is incorrect because serum iron levels provide information about iron status but do not directly assess the size and shape of red blood cells.

This choice is incorrect because the white blood cell count (WBC) is not directly related to iron stores or the evaluation of anemia.

This choice is incorrect because the Schilling test is not used to diagnose hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is diagnosed through blood tests and other assessments to determine red blood cell destruction.Questions

This choice is incorrect because white bread is not a significant source of iron and does not help in increasing iron levels.

This choice is correct. Orange juice, or any other vitamin C-rich beverage, enhances the absorption of non-heme iron found in supplements and plant-based foods.

This choice is incorrect because hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is not a common side effect of epoetin alfa therapy.

This choice is correct. Tea, especially black tea, contains tannins that can inhibit iron absorption when taken with ferrous sulfate or other iron supplements.

This choice is incorrect because although encouraging fluid intake is important in managing sickle cell anemia, it is not the priority intervention during a vaso-occlusive crisis.

This choice is correct. ESA therapy stimulates the production of red blood cells, and adequate iron levels are necessary for this process. Clients with chronic kidney disease often have decreased iron levels due to various factors, and iron supplementation is crucial for the success of ESA therapy.Q

This choice is incorrect because carbonated water does not enhance iron absorption.

This choice is incorrect because interactions with other medications are not specifically related to the timing of iron supplementation with meals.

This choice is correct. ESA therapy can increase the risk of thrombosis (blood clot formation) due to the stimulation of red blood cell production. Clients receiving ESAs should be monitored for signs of thrombosis, such as swelling, pain, and redness in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect because both lentils and beans are sources of non-heme iron, and the combination does not provide a significant enhancer of iron absorption.

This choice is correct. Checking the client's blood type is a priority before administering a PRBC transfusion to ensure compatibility and prevent adverse reactions. Transfusion reactions can be life-threatening, so verifying the blood type is crucial for client safety.

This choice is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not a recommended strategy for managing fatigue and weakness in clients with anemia. Adequate hydration is important for overall health, and clients should be encouraged to drink enough fluids.Questions

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Classification of Anemia

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client with iron-deficiency anemia about dietary sources of iron. Which food items should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. A Oranges B Spinach C Red meat D Nuts and seeds Click to see answer

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A client with anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate supplements. A nurse should instruct the client to take the supplement: A With meals B On an empty stomach C At bedtime D Simultaneously with calcium supplements Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with megaloblastic anemia. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely responsible for this condition? A Vitamin A B Vitamin B12 C Vitamin C D Vitamin D Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with anemia presents with pale skin, fatigue, and shortness of breath. The nurse should prioritize which intervention? A Initiating oxygen therapy B Administering pain medication C Assessing the client's pain level D Encouraging rest and activity balance Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A Administering pain medication B Applying warm compresses C Increasing fluid intake D Initiating oxygen therapy Click to see answer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a low reticulocyte count. Which type of anemia is most likely to be associated with this finding? A Hemolytic anemia B Iron-deficiency anemia C Aplastic anemia D Pernicious anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells. Which type of anemia does this finding suggest? A Hemolytic anemia B Sickle cell anemia C Thalassemia D Pernicious anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client presents with fatigue, weakness, and a red, sore tongue. A nurse suspects the client may have a specific type of anemia. Which type is most likely based on these findings? A Folate-deficiency anemia B Hemolytic anemia C Sickle cell anemia D Iron-deficiency anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease is experiencing anemia. A nurse recognizes that this type of anemia is primarily due to: A Iron deficiency B Impaired erythropoietin production C Hemolysis of red blood cells D Vitamin B12 deficiency Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with anemia, and the client reports a history of chronic alcoholism. Which type of anemia is most likely to be associated with alcoholism? A Folate-deficiency anemia B Hemolytic anemia C Sickle cell anemia D Macrocytic anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client presents with signs of hemolysis, including jaundice and an elevated bilirubin level. Which type of anemia is most likely to be associated with these findings? A Iron-deficiency anemia B Hemolytic anemia C Pernicious anemia D Aplastic anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a history of gastric bypass surgery presents with signs of anemia. The nurse should suspect which type of anemia? A Iron-deficiency anemia B Pernicious anemia C Hemolytic anemia D Sickle cell anemia Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with anemia. Which of the following symptoms is most commonly associated with anemia? A Polyuria B Increased appetite C Shortness of breath D Increased energy levels Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with anemia presents with pallor of the skin and mucous membranes. The nurse should assess for which other related clinical manifestation? A Petechiae B Jaundice C Cyanosis D Diaphoresis Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with anemia complains of fatigue and weakness. Which additional assessment finding is commonly associated with this condition? A Elevated blood pressure B Increased heart rate C Excessive thirst D Increased appetite Click to see answer

A client with anemia is experiencing headaches and dizziness. A nurse should suspect which type of anemia? A Iron-deficiency anemia B Hemolytic anemia C Pernicious anemia D Aplastic anemia Click to see answer

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected anemia. Which laboratory test is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of anemia? A Electrocardiogram (ECG) B Complete blood count (CBC) C Serum creatinine D Urinalysis Click to see answer

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and finds a low mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Which type of anemia does this finding suggest? A Iron-deficiency anemia B Hemolytic anemia C Megaloblastic anemia D Pernicious anemia Click to see answer

A client is suspected to have anemia. The nurse advises the client to increase the intake of which dietary component to help differentiate between iron-deficiency anemia and other types of anemia? A Vitamin C B Folate C Vitamin B12 D Protein Click to see answer

A nurse is caring for a client with anemia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate to determine the cause of the anemia and assess the size and shape of the red blood cells? A Hemoglobin electrophoresis B Reticulocyte count C Peripheral blood smear D Serum iron levels Click to see answer

A client with anemia is undergoing a Schilling test to determine the cause of the condition. The nurse should recognize that this test is used to diagnose which type of anemia? A Iron-deficiency anemia B Pernicious anemia C Aplastic anemia D Hemolytic anemia Click to see answer

A client with anemia is prescribed oral iron supplements. The nurse advises the client to take the supplements with which beverage to enhance iron absorption? A Coffee B Tea C Water D Orange juice Click to see answer

A client is receiving epoetin alfa therapy as part of the management of anemia. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential side effect of this medication? A Hypertension B Hyperkalemia C Hypoglycemia D Hypocalcemia Click to see answer

A client with anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate, an oral iron supplement. The nurse instructs the client to take the medication on an empty stomach. Which beverage should the nurse recommend the client to avoid while taking the supplement? A Water B Orange juice C Milk D Tea Click to see answer

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with anemia who is receiving iron supplementation. The nurse should instruct the client to take the iron supplement with which type of beverage to enhance absorption? A Orange juice B Milk C Tea D Carbonated water Click to see answer

A client with anemia is receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to promote red blood cell production. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effect related to ESA therapy? A Hypotension B Hypokalemia C Hypoglycemia D Thrombosis Click to see answer

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