Your patient has complaints of severe right-sided flank pain, nausea, vomiting and restlessness. He appears slightly pale and is diaphoretic. Vital signs are BP 140/90 mmHg, Pulse 118 beats/min., respirations 33 breaths/minute, and temperature, 98.0F. Which subjective data supports a diagnosis of renal calculi?

History of mild flu symptoms last week.

Dark-colored coffee-ground emesis.

Pain radiating to the right upper quadrant.

Dark, scanty urine output.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale: This is not relevant to the current condition of the patient and does not support a diagnosis of renal calculi.

Choice B rationale: This is a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which can have many causes such as peptic ulcer, gastritis or esophageal varices. It is not related to renal calculi or urinary tract problems.

Choice C rationale: Renal calculi usually causes pain which usually radiates anteriorly to the lower abdomen, groin, labia, testicles or the perineum depending on the location of the stone.

Choice D rationale: This is a sign of hematuria, which is blood in the urine caused by the passage of renal calculi (kidney stones) through the urinary tract. Hematuria can also cause the urine to appear dark or brown in color.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Kayexalate is not primarily used for phosphate reduction.

Choice B rationale: Kayexalate can have sorbitol in its formulation, which might cause diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice C rationale: Kayexalate works as a cation-exchange resin that promotes potassium excretion in the bowels.

Choice D rationale: Kayexalate does not add potassium; it exchanges sodium for potassium in the bowels.

A. "To end the collection, I must empty my bladder, adding it to the collection." B. "I should keep the urine container cool in a separate refrigerator or cooler." C. "I should not eat any protein when I am collecting urine for this test." D. "I won't save the first urine when the collection time starts."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: This statement is correct; it's important to include the final voided urine in the collection.

Choice B rationale: Proper storage at a cool temperature helps maintain the integrity of the collected urine.

Choice C rationale: Avoiding protein intake during the collection can significantly alter the results of the creatinine clearance test. Eating a regular diet is important to maintain accurate test results.

Choice D rationale: Discarding the first void and starting the collection afterward is a common practice in 24-hour urine collections to ensure a complete sample.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is used in renal failure to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient received teaching about the correct procedure in a 24-hour urine collection for creatinine clearance test. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which complication is suspected in a client whose blood sugar is less than 30 mg/dL?

For which client with severe migraine headaches would the nurse question an order for sumatriptan?

A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?

The nurse is performing an assessment of a client with possible plantar fasciitis in the right foot. What assessment finding would the nurse expect in the right foot?

A nurse notes that a client's serum potassium level is 5.9 mEq/L. The nurse interprets this as an expected finding in the client with:

You are working in a Family Practice office. A patient comes into the office with right facial drooping. The physician makes a diagnosis of Bell's palsy. You know that the primary treatment for this disease is likely to include:

Which assessment finding in a 36-yr-old patient is most indicative of a need for further evaluation?