Your patient has been admitted with a diagnosis of bilateral pneumonia. You have trouble communicating with this patient, who is pouty and demanding your constant attention. She talks for long periods about the smallest details of her life. Besides the pneumonia, you ask the physician if the patient has a history of which of the following personality disorders?

Choice A reason: Auditory hallucinations involve hearing voices or sounds that are not present, which does not match Audrey's experience of visual perceptions.

Choice B reason: Free-floating anxiety is a general feeling of unease that is not tied to a specific situation, whereas Audrey's anxiety is triggered by a specific scenario reminiscent of past trauma.

Choice C reason: Flashbacks are vivid, often distressing, memories of past traumatic events that feel as though they are happening in the present. Audrey's experience is indicative of flashbacks related to her military service.

Choice D reason: Delusions of grandeur involve beliefs of inflated worth, power, or identity, which is not described in Audrey's situation.

Choice A reason: It is not recommended for clients to take morning vitamins before surgery due to the risk of aspiration and interference with anesthesia.

Choice B reason: Clients are typically instructed to remove all jewelry, including tongue studs, to prevent complications during surgery.

Choice C reason: Clients are generally required to fast before surgery, which includes not consuming clear liquids, to reduce the risk of aspiration.

Choice D reason: Allowing the client to keep her hearing aids in is important for communication and to reduce anxiety due to hearing impairment.