Which statement is true regarding narrow spectrum antibiotics?

They are effective against gram-positive bacteria only.

They are effective against gram-negative bacteria only.

They are effective against one type of organism.

They are effective against a few types of organisms.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

They are effective against a few types of organisms. Narrow spectrum antibiotics are antibiotics that work against a limited range of bacteria, usually either gram-positive or gram-negative. They are more specific and less likely to cause resistance or disrupt the normal flora.

Choice A) They are effective against gram-positive bacteria only. This is not true because some narrow spectrum antibiotics can also target gram-negative bacteria, such as aminoglycosides.

Choice B) They are effective against gram-negative bacteria only. This is not true because some narrow spectrum antibiotics can also target gram-positive bacteria, such as vancomycin.

Choice C) They are effective against one type of organism. This is too restrictive because narrow spectrum antibiotics can work against more than one type of organism, such as penicillins that target both streptococci and staphylococci.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

These are the antimalarial drugs that are recommended for prophylaxis by the CDC and other sources.

They are effective against the malaria parasites that are resistant to chloroquine and primaquine, which are the other two options.

Choice A is wrong because chloroquine is not effective in areas where chloroquine resistance is present, which is most of the malaria-endemic regions.

Choice B is wrong because primaquine is not used for prophylaxis, but for radical cure of vivax and ovale malaria.It also requires a test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency before use, as it can cause hemolysis in people with this condition.

Choice C is correct because mefloquine is a suppressive prophylactic that can be used in areas with chloroquine resistance.

A. Monitor the client’s serum creatinine level B. Monitor the client’s serum vancomycin level C. Infuse the drug over at least 60 minutes D. Observe the client

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Here is why:

• Choice A:Monitor the client’s serum creatinine level.

This is correct because vancomycin can cause nephrotoxicity (damage to the kidneys) and serum creatinine is a marker of kidney function.A high serum creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function and may require dose adjustment or discontinuation of vancomycin.

• Choice B:Monitor the client’s serum vancomycin level.

This is correct because vancomycin has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning that there is a small difference between the effective dose and the toxic dose.Monitoring the serum vancomycin level can help to ensure that the drug is within the therapeutic range and avoid toxicity or suboptimal efficacy.

• Choice C:Infuse the drug over at least 60 minutes.

This is correct because vancomycin can cause a hypersensitivity reaction called “red man syndrome” or “red neck syndrome”, which is characterized by flushing, itching, rash, hypotension and tachycardia.

This reaction is not an allergy but a result of histamine release due to rapid infusion of vancomycin.Infusing the drug over at least 60 minutes can reduce the risk of this reaction.

• Choice D:Observe the client for signs of ototoxicity.

This is incorrect because vancomycin is not known to cause ototoxicity (damage to the ears) in humans.Ototoxicity has been reported in animal studies and in vitro studies, but not in clinical trials or case reports involving humans.

Therefore, there is no need to monitor for signs of ototoxicity such as hearing loss, tinnitus or vertigo.

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Which statement is true regarding narrow spectrum antibiotics?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a group of travelers who are going to a region where malaria is endemic. Which of the following antimalarial drugs should the nurse recommend for prophylaxis? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, to a client with a severe infection caused by Clostridium difficile. The nurse should select all that apply:

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer ivermectin to a client who has onchocerciasis (river blindness). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in this client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has trichomoniasis and is prescribed tinidazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client?

A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe infection and is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of ototoxicity?

A nurse is caring for a client who has oral candidiasis and is prescribed nystatin suspension. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who will be taking oral linezolid (Zyvox) to treat a complicated skin infection caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Which term is used to describe an agent that inhibits bacterial growth but does not kill bacteria?

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?