Which statement is true regarding narrow spectrum antibiotics?

They are effective against gram-positive bacteria only.

They are effective against gram-negative bacteria only.

They are effective against one type of organism.

They are effective against a few types of organisms.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

They are effective against a few types of organisms. Narrow spectrum antibiotics are antibiotics that work against a limited range of bacteria, usually either gram-positive or gram-negative. They are more specific and less likely to cause resistance or disrupt the normal flora.

Choice A) They are effective against gram-positive bacteria only. This is not true because some narrow spectrum antibiotics can also target gram-negative bacteria, such as aminoglycosides.

Choice B) They are effective against gram-negative bacteria only. This is not true because some narrow spectrum antibiotics can also target gram-positive bacteria, such as vancomycin.

Choice C) They are effective against one type of organism. This is too restrictive because narrow spectrum antibiotics can work against more than one type of organism, such as penicillins that target both streptococci and staphylococci.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Tetracycline can causephotosensitivity, which means increased sensitivity to sunlight and risk of sunburn.It can also causesuperinfection, which means overgrowth of resistant bacteria or fungi in the mouth, intestines, or vagina.

Choice B is wrong because tetracycline can causetooth discolorationin children under 8 years old, not in adults.

Choice C is wrong because tetracycline can causehepatic impairmentonly in patients with preexisting liver disease or who take high doses for a long time.

Choice E is wrong because tetracycline can causebone marrow suppressiononly in patients with preexisting blood disorders or who take high doses for a long time.

A. Maraviroc B. Abacavir C. Darunavir D. Fosamprenavir.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Maraviroc is aCCR5 coreceptor antagonistthat blocks the receptor site the HIV virus needs to interact with in order to enter the cell.It prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane by binding to the CCR5 receptor on CD4+ T cells and macrophages.

Choice B is wrong becauseAbacavir is wrong because it is anucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)that inhibits the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which converts viral RNA into DNA.

It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.

Choice C is wrong becauseDarunavir is wrong because it is aprotease inhibitor (PI)that inhibits the enzyme protease, which cleaves viral proteins into functional units.

It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.

Choice D is wrong becauseFosamprenavir is wrong because it is also aprotease inhibitor (PI)that inhibits the enzyme protease.

It does not prevent viral fusion with host cell membrane.

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Which statement is true regarding narrow spectrum antibiotics?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is administering tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to a patient who has acne vulgaris. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Which of the following antiviral medications prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which antibiotics are classified as concentration-dependent antimicrobials?

A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is prescribed rifampin, an antitubercular drug. The nurse should instruct the client about which potential side effect of rifampin?

Which of the following antiviral medications inhibits neuraminidase enzyme?

A nurse is preparing to administer flucytosine to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform before giving this medication? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a client who has pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The nurse should recognize that ceftriaxone belongs to which generation of cephalosporins?

A nurse is educating a client who has a respiratory infection and a new prescription for azithromycin (Zithromax). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply).

A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) for treatment of an infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which assessment finding would indicate a potentially serious adverse reaction to this drug?