Which statement accurately describes gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

GDM occurs after childbirth and resolves on its own.

GDM is a rare condition that affects only a small percentage of pregnant women.

Women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes later in life.

GDM is characterized by high blood glucose levels that develop during pregnancy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and is characterized by high blood glucose levels. It usually resolves after childbirth but increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. GDM typically resolves after childbirth, not after.

b. This choice is incorrect. GDM is not a rare condition; it affects a significant percentage of pregnant women.

c. This choice is incorrect. Women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes, later in life.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure. Prolonged high blood glucose levels damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

d. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

A. Avoid carbohydrates completely to prevent blood sugar spikes. B. Consume high amounts of sugary snacks to maintain energy levels. C. Include a variety of whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables in meals. D. Limit fluid intake to prevent excessive urination.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Including a variety of whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables in meals is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with diabetes. Carbohydrates should not be completely avoided (choice a), and sugary snacks should be limited (choice b). Adequate fluid intake is important, and there is no need to restrict fluids (choice d).

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Carbohydrates are an important source of energy and should not be completely avoided. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and making healthy carbohydrate choices.

b. This choice is incorrect. Consuming high amounts of sugary snacks can lead to blood sugar spikes and is not recommended for individuals with diabetes.

d. This choice is incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health and is not typically restricted in diabetes management.

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Which statement accurately describes gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by kidney damage due to prolonged high blood glucose levels, leading to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which of the following is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms contributes to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness?

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about the importance of blood sugar monitoring. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which organ plays a central role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting insulin and glucagon?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors, such as certain medications or hormonal imbalances?

Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?

Which treatment modality involves monitoring blood glucose levels and adjusting insulin doses based on carbohydrate intake, activity level, and current blood glucose levels to achieve tight glycemic control?

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?