Which signs and symptoms characterize expressive aphasia?
Difficulty initiating speech
Difficulty understanding the written and spoken word
Total inability to communicate
Stuttering and spitting
The Correct Answer is A
A. Difficulty initiating speech
This is a characteristic symptom of expressive aphasia. Individuals with expressive aphasia have difficulty initiating speech and may produce speech that is slow, effortful, and lacking in grammatical structure.
B. Difficulty understanding the written and spoken word
This symptom is not typically associated with expressive aphasia. Instead, difficulty understanding language, both written and spoken, is more commonly seen in receptive aphasia, also known as Wernicke's aphasia.
C. Total inability to communicate
While expressive aphasia can severely impair verbal communication, it does not result in a total inability to communicate. Individuals with expressive aphasia may still be able to communicate to some extent using nonverbal means, gestures, or writing.
D. Stuttering and spitting
Stuttering and spitting are not characteristic symptoms of expressive aphasia. Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by interruptions in the flow of speech, while spitting is not typically associated with aphasia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Lie flat:
This option involves instructing the patient to lie flat on their back without elevating their head. Lying flat helps to maintain consistent pressure in the spinal canal, reducing the likelihood of CSF leakage from the puncture site. This position is commonly recommended after a lumbar puncture to prevent or minimize the occurrence of post-lumbar puncture headaches (PLPH).
B. Lie on left side:
This option involves instructing the patient to lie on their left side. While lying on the left side may provide some relief by reducing pressure on the lumbar puncture site, it is not typically recommended immediately after the procedure to prevent PLPH. Lying flat is generally preferred to minimize changes in CSF pressure and reduce the risk of headache.
C. Stay in semi-Fowler position:
The semi-Fowler position involves elevating the head of the bed at a 30-45 degree angle. This position is not typically recommended immediately after a lumbar puncture because it may increase CSF leakage and pressure changes, potentially exacerbating the risk of developing a headache.
D. Ambulate in the room with assistance:
Ambulating shortly after a lumbar puncture is not typically recommended as it may increase the risk of developing a headache. Movement and changes in posture can exacerbate CSF leakage and pressure changes at the puncture site, leading to the development of post-lumbar puncture headaches.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Toes turning up and spreading:
This description corresponds to the abnormal finding in the Babinski reflex. In a positive Babinski sign, the big toe (hallux) dorsiflexes (turns upward) and the other toes fan out. This response is abnormal in adults but normal in infants up to a certain age.
B. Downward curl of the toes:
This response is typical of the normal plantar reflex, where the toes curl downward (plantar flexion) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. It is not indicative of the Babinski reflex.
C. Pain in the big toe:
Pain in the big toe is not a characteristic finding of the Babinski reflex. The Babinski sign is assessed by observing the movement pattern of the toes in response to stimulation, rather than eliciting pain.
D. Big toe bending upward:
The big toe bending upward, or dorsiflexion of the big toe, is a specific component of the positive Babinski sign. However, it is typically accompanied by spreading of the other toes, which is the hallmark feature of the Babinski reflex.
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