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Parkinson's disease has which characteristic symptom(s)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Muscle tremors

Slow body movement (bradykinesia)

Rigidity

Pill rolling

Lack of facial expression

Drooling

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E,F

A. Muscle tremors:

Muscle tremors, particularly resting tremors, are a hallmark feature of Parkinson's disease. These tremors typically occur in the hands, fingers, arms, legs, jaw, or head and may worsen with stress or inactivity.

B. Slow body movement (bradykinesia):

Bradykinesia refers to slowness of movement and is another key symptom of Parkinson's disease. Patients may have difficulty initiating movement, experience a decrease in spontaneous movement (hypokinesia), and demonstrate reduced range of motion.

C. Rigidity:

Rigidity, or stiffness of the muscles, is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease. It often affects the limbs and trunk and can contribute to difficulty with movement and posture.

D. Pill rolling:

Pill rolling refers to a specific type of tremor characterized by rhythmic, rolling movements of the thumb and fingers, resembling the action of rolling a pill between the fingers and thumb. This tremor is commonly seen in Parkinson's disease.

E. Lack of facial expression:

Parkinson's disease can lead to a reduced range of facial expressions, also known as hypomimia or "masked facies." Patients may have a fixed, expressionless facial appearance and reduced blinking.

F. Drooling:

Drooling, or excessive salivation, can occur in Parkinson's disease due to impaired swallowing function (dysphagia) and reduced control over oral and facial muscles.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lie flat:

This option involves instructing the patient to lie flat on their back without elevating their head. Lying flat helps to maintain consistent pressure in the spinal canal, reducing the likelihood of CSF leakage from the puncture site. This position is commonly recommended after a lumbar puncture to prevent or minimize the occurrence of post-lumbar puncture headaches (PLPH).

B. Lie on left side:

This option involves instructing the patient to lie on their left side. While lying on the left side may provide some relief by reducing pressure on the lumbar puncture site, it is not typically recommended immediately after the procedure to prevent PLPH. Lying flat is generally preferred to minimize changes in CSF pressure and reduce the risk of headache.

C. Stay in semi-Fowler position:

The semi-Fowler position involves elevating the head of the bed at a 30-45 degree angle. This position is not typically recommended immediately after a lumbar puncture because it may increase CSF leakage and pressure changes, potentially exacerbating the risk of developing a headache.

D. Ambulate in the room with assistance:

Ambulating shortly after a lumbar puncture is not typically recommended as it may increase the risk of developing a headache. Movement and changes in posture can exacerbate CSF leakage and pressure changes at the puncture site, leading to the development of post-lumbar puncture headaches.

A. Extension of the extremities B. Pronation of the hands C. Plantar flexion of the legs D. External rotation of the lower extremities

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Extension of the extremities

Extension of the extremities is not consistent with decorticate posturing. Instead, it is more indicative of decerebrate posturing, where both the upper and lower extremities are typically extended.

B. Pronation of the hands

Pronation of the hands is not typically associated with decorticate posturing. In decorticate posturing, the hands are usually flexed with the wrists and fingers pointing towards the body.

C. Plantar flexion of the legs

Plantar flexion of the legs characteristic of decorticate posturing. Decorticate posturing mainly involves plantar flexion of the feet.

D. External rotation of the lower extremities

External rotation of the lower extremities is also not typically associated with decorticate posturing. In decorticate posturing, the lower extremities may exhibit extension or internal rotation, but external rotation is not a characteristic feature.

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Parkinson's disease has which characteristic symptom(s)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which position should a nurse instruct a patient to assume after a lumbar puncture to prevent a headache?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has increased intracranial pressure and is informed by the charge nurse that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Parkinson's disease and is experiencing bradykinesia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Parkinson's disease has which characteristic symptom(s)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

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