Which range of systolic blood pressure is classified as stage 1 hypertension?
140 to 159.
130 to 139.
110 to 119.
120 to 139.
The Correct Answer is B
This range of systolic blood pressure is classified as stage 1 hypertension according to the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Stage 1 hypertension is when blood pressure consistently ranges from 130 to 139 systolic or 80 to 89 mm Hg diastolic. At this stage of high blood pressure, health care professionals are likely to prescribe lifestyle changes and may consider adding blood pressure medication based on your risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, or ASCVD, such as heart attack or stroke.
Choice A is wrong because 140 to 159 is the range for stage 2 hypertension, which is more severe than stage 1.
Stage 2 hypertension is when blood pressure consistently is 140/90 mm Hg or higher. At this stage of high blood pressure, health care professionals are likely to prescribe a combination of blood pressure medications and lifestyle changes.
Choice C is wrong because 110 to 119 is the range for normal blood pressure.
Normal blood pressure is when systolic blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure is less than 80 mm Hg. If your results fall into this category, stick with heart-healthy habits like following a balanced diet and getting regular exercise.
Choice D is wrong because 120 to 139 is not a valid range for systolic blood pressure.
It includes two different categories: elevated and stage 1 hypertension.
Elevated blood pressure is when readings consistently range from 120-129 systolic and less than 80 mm Hg diastolic. People with elevated blood pressure are likely to develop high blood pressure unless steps are taken to control the condition. Stage 1 hypertension, as explained above, is when systolic blood pressure ranges from 130 to 139 or diastolic blood pressure ranges from 80 to 89.
The normal range for systolic blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg. The normal range for diastolic blood pressure is less than 80 mm Hg.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Hypokalemia is a condition of low potassium levels in the blood, which can be caused by diuretics such as furosemide (Lasix) that increase the excretion of potassium in the urine. Potassium is an important electrolyte that helps regulate the function of nerves and muscles, including the heart.Low potassium levels can cause symptoms such as confusion, tremors, muscle cramps, and nausea, which are consistent with the patient’s presentation.
Choice B, renal failure, is wrong because furosemide is used to treat fluid retention and edema caused by kidney disease, not to cause it.Renal failure would also cause symptoms such as decreased urine output, swelling, fatigue, and shortness of breath, which are not mentioned in the question.
Choice C, hyperkalemia, is wrong because hyperkalemia is a condition of high potassium levels in the blood, which can be caused by kidney disease or certain medications that decrease the excretion of potassium in the urine.Hyperkalemia can cause symptoms such as weakness, irregular heartbeat, paralysis, and chest pain, which are different from the patient’s symptoms.
Choice D, heart failure, is wrong because furosemide is also used to treat fluid retention and edema caused by heart failure, not to cause it.Heart failure would also cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, fatigue, and rapid weight gain, which are not mentioned in the question.
Normal ranges for potassium levels in the blood are 3.5 to 5.0 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) for adults and 3.4 to 4.7 mEq/L for children.
A level below 3.5 mEq/L is considered hypokalemic and a level above 5.0 mEq/L is considered hyperkalemic.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Atorvastatin is a type ofstatin, which are the most potent antilipidemic agents, and have proven to lower the risk of myocardial infarction by reducing the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.Statins also slightly increase the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health.
Choice B, niacin, is a type ofnicotinic acid, which can lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and increase HDL cholesterol, but it is less effective than statins and has more side effects, such as flushing, itching, and liver toxicity.
Choice C, gemfibrozil, is a type offibric acid derivative, which can lower triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol, but have little effect on LDL cholesterol.They are mainly used for patients with high triglyceride levels or low HDL cholesterol levels.
Choice D, amlodipine, is not an antilipidemic agent at all.It is a type ofcalcium channel blocker, which is used to treat hypertension and angina by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the workload of the heart.
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