Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that additional instruction is needed for a patient with chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
"I should eat foods high in potassium because diuretics cause potassium loss."
"I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."
"I need to shop for foods low in sodium and avoid adding salt to food."
"I should weigh myself daily and report sudden weight loss or gain."
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Eating foods high in potassium can be important for patients taking diuretics, as diuretics can cause potassium loss. However, for SIADH patients, this is not a primary focus unless they are on diuretics that specifically lead to potassium loss.
Choice B reason: Limiting fluid intake is crucial for patients with SIADH to prevent fluid overload and hyponatremia. This statement aligns with proper management of the condition.
Choice C reason: Patients with SIADH need to carefully manage their sodium intake. Rather than reducing sodium, they often need to maintain or increase their sodium intake to help counteract the effects of SIADH, which causes dilutional hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels). Therefore, this statement indicates a need for additional instruction.
Choice D reason: Weighing oneself daily is an important practice for SIADH patients to monitor for sudden weight changes, which can indicate fluid imbalances. This statement is appropriate and does not require additional instruction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Liver cirrhosis is characterized by chronic liver damage leading to scarring and liver failure. The typical lab findings for liver cirrhosis would include elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST), bilirubin, and low albumin levels, which are not mentioned in the given test results.
Choice B reason: Acute hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver, usually caused by viral infections or toxins. Lab results consistent with acute hepatitis would show elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) significantly higher than normal, which are not provided in the text.
Choice C reason: Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones. Lab findings for cholecystitis may include elevated white blood cell count and sometimes mild elevation of liver enzymes, but not the specific elevated levels of serum amylase and lipase.
Choice D reason: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, and the hallmark lab findings include significantly elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. The test results show serum amylase of 920 units/L (reference: 30-220 units/L) and serum lipase of 704 units/L (reference: 0-160 units/L), which are highly indicative of acute pancreatitis. Elevated serum glucose and low serum calcium levels are also consistent with this diagnosis.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dementia is not a typical complication directly related to the post-operative period of a total hip replacement. While elderly patients may have underlying cognitive issues, dementia is not considered a direct post-op complication.
Choice B reason: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common post-operative complication, particularly in orthopedic surgeries like total hip replacement. Due to immobility and surgical stress, patients are at higher risk for blood clots forming in the veins, which can be life-threatening if they travel to the lungs.
Choice C reason: Fluid overload can occur due to the administration of intravenous fluids during surgery. Monitoring for signs of fluid overload, such as swelling, shortness of breath, and increased blood pressure, is crucial to ensure proper fluid balance and prevent complications like heart failure.
Choice D reason: Infection is a significant risk after surgery, especially in procedures like total hip replacement. Monitoring for signs of infection, such as fever, increased pain, redness, swelling, and drainage from the surgical site, is essential to detect and treat infections early.
Choice E reason: Unrelieved pain is a critical aspect to monitor post-operatively. Effective pain management is crucial for patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Uncontrolled pain can impede rehabilitation and recovery, increasing the risk of complications.
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