A high blood level of which substance causes hepatic coma?

Bilirubin

Calcium

Ammonia

Sodium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: While elevated bilirubin levels can indicate liver dysfunction and lead to jaundice, they are not the primary cause of hepatic coma. Bilirubin is a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown and its accumulation can cause yellowing of the skin and eyes.

Choice B reason: Calcium levels, whether high or low, can affect neuromuscular function and cardiac health, but they are not directly associated with causing hepatic coma. Hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia can present with various symptoms, but not typically with hepatic coma.

Choice C reason: Elevated ammonia levels are directly associated with hepatic coma. In patients with severe liver dysfunction, the liver cannot efficiently convert ammonia (a byproduct of protein metabolism) into urea for excretion. The accumulation of ammonia in the blood can cross the blood-brain barrier and lead to encephalopathy, resulting in confusion, altered mental status, and potentially hepatic coma.

Choice D reason: Sodium levels can affect neurological function, particularly with conditions like hypernatremia or hyponatremia. However, these imbalances are not the primary cause of hepatic coma. The direct link to hepatic coma is through elevated ammonia levels.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Amber fluid is typically a sign of serous exudate, which is a normal part of the inflammatory process and wound healing. It indicates the body's immune response to the injury and is generally not a cause for concern unless the volume significantly increases or changes in appearance.

Choice B reason: Clear drainage, or serous fluid, is also a normal finding in wound healing. It indicates that the wound is exuding plasma, which helps to keep the wound moist and supports the healing process. This type of drainage is typically not worrisome unless there are other signs of infection or complications.

Choice C reason: Purulent, draining wound is a major concern as it indicates the presence of pus, which is often a sign of infection. Purulent drainage can be yellow, green, or brown and is usually thick and malodorous. The presence of pus suggests that there are bacteria or other pathogens in the wound, and immediate medical intervention is necessary to prevent further complications and promote healing.

Choice D reason: Blood-tinged fluid, or serosanguinous drainage, is common in fresh wounds or after debridement. It indicates a mixture of plasma and red blood cells and can be seen in the early stages of wound healing. While it is generally not alarming, the nurse should monitor the volume and changes in the drainage to ensure there are no signs of excessive bleeding or infection.

A. Fluid restrictions B. Iron supplements C. PRBC transfusion D. O2 therapy

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluid restrictions are not appropriate for stabilizing a patient with acute anemia. In fact, patients with anemia might require fluid resuscitation to maintain adequate blood volume and pressure. Restricting fluids could potentially worsen the patient's condition.

Choice B reason: Iron supplements are necessary for patients with acute anemia, especially if the anemia is due to iron deficiency. Supplementation helps replenish iron stores in the body, aiding in the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells which are critical for carrying oxygen to tissues.

Choice C reason: PRBC (Packed Red Blood Cells) transfusion is a common and effective intervention for acute anemia. It quickly increases the number of red blood cells in the patient's circulation, thereby improving oxygen delivery to tissues and alleviating symptoms of anemia such as fatigue and weakness.

Choice D reason: O2 therapy, or oxygen therapy, is crucial for stabilizing patients with acute anemia. Anemia results in reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and supplemental oxygen helps ensure that tissues receive sufficient oxygen. This intervention can be lifesaving in severe cases of anemia.

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A high blood level of which substance causes hepatic coma?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a pressure injury. When assessing the wound, which finding causes the greatest concern for the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choose appropriate interventions to stabilize the patient with acute anemia. Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

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