Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal failure?

Increased red blood cell count

Decreased serum potassium level

Increased serum creatinine level

Increased serum calcium level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Renal failure impairs erythropoietin production, a hormone stimulating red blood cell synthesis, leading to anemia, not an increased red blood cell count. Reduced glomerular filtration exacerbates toxin accumulation, further suppressing bone marrow activity, making an elevated red blood cell count unlikely in this condition.

Choice B reason: In renal failure, kidneys fail to excrete potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, not decreased serum potassium. Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias due to altered membrane potentials. A decreased potassium level is more associated with conditions like diuretic use or vomiting, not renal failure.

Choice C reason: Increased serum creatinine is a hallmark of renal failure, as kidneys cannot filter creatinine, a muscle metabolism byproduct. Elevated levels reflect reduced glomerular filtration rate, indicating kidney dysfunction. This is a reliable marker for assessing renal failure severity and progression, making it an expected finding.

Choice D reason: Renal failure typically causes hypocalcemia, not increased serum calcium, due to impaired vitamin D activation and phosphate retention, which binds calcium. Hypercalcemia is rare and may occur in other conditions like hyperparathyroidism, not renal failure, where calcium homeostasis is disrupted by kidney dysfunction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hypoglycemia involves low blood glucose, causing symptoms like shakiness or confusion, not muscle weakness or arrhythmias. Hypertonic glucose and insulin would worsen hypoglycemia by increasing glucose uptake, and sodium bicarbonate is irrelevant. These symptoms and treatments align with hyperkalemia, not low glucose levels, in renal failure.

Choice B reason: Hyperkalemia, common in acute renal failure due to impaired potassium excretion, causes muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias by altering membrane potentials. Hypertonic glucose and insulin drive potassium into cells, while sodium bicarbonate corrects acidosis, stabilizing cardiac membranes, making this the targeted complication for the prescribed treatment.

Choice C reason: Hypernatremia (high sodium) causes neurological symptoms like confusion, not muscle weakness or arrhythmias. The prescribed treatments do not address sodium levels; insulin and glucose manage potassium, and bicarbonate corrects acidosis. Hypernatremia is not a primary concern in acute renal failure with these symptoms.

Choice D reason: Hypokalemia (low potassium) causes muscle weakness and arrhythmias but is rare in acute renal failure, where hyperkalemia is typical due to reduced excretion. The prescribed treatments aim to lower potassium, not increase it, making hypokalemia an incorrect target for this therapy in the context of renal failure.

Correct Answer is ["50"]

Explanation

The correct answer is 50 drops per minute
Explanation:
Step 1 is identify the total volume to be infused
50 mL

Step 2 is identify the time in minutes
1 hour = 60 minutes

Step 3 is identify the drop factor for a microdrip set
Microdrip = 60 drops per mL

Step 4 is multiply the volume by the drop factor
50 × 60 = 3000 drops

Step 5 is divide total drops by time in minutes
(3000 ÷ 60) = 50

Result = 50 drops per minute

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Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal failure?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The order is to infuse 50ml of piggyback antibiotic over 1 hour. The set calibration has a microdrip drop factor. What the flow rate in drops per minute?

Correct Answer is ["50"]

Explanation

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