Which of the following would a nurse expect to assess in a client with esotropia?

a) The patient is unable to see in half of the visual field (same visual field) in each eye:

Homonymous hemianopsia is a condition where there is a loss of vision in the same side of the visual field in both eyes. This occurs due to damage to the visual pathways after the optic chiasm, often from a stroke or brain injury, resulting in the loss of either the right or left visual field in both eyes.

b) The patient can see from one eye but not through the other one:

This description fits a condition called monocular blindness, which is typically caused by damage to the optic nerve before it reaches the optic chiasm. Homonymous hemianopsia involves both eyes and specific visual fields, not complete loss of vision in one eye.

c) The patient is unable to see in half of the visual field (opposite visual field) in each eye:

This option describes bitemporal hemianopsia, which results in loss of vision in the outer (temporal) fields of both eyes and is often due to damage at the optic chiasm. Homonymous hemianopsia involves the same side of the visual field in both eyes, not the opposite visual fields.

d) No visual impairment:

Homonymous hemianopsia is characterized by significant visual impairment, specifically the loss of half the visual field in both eyes on the same side. Therefore, it is incorrect to say there is no visual impairment with this condition.

A) Presbyopia: Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the lens of the eye loses elasticity, making it harder to focus on close objects. This condition typically begins to affect individuals around the age of 40, causing them to hold reading materials farther away to see them clearly. The client's complaint aligns perfectly with this common symptom of presbyopia.

B) Cataracts: Cataracts involve the clouding of the eye's lens, leading to overall blurry vision, glare, and difficulty with night vision. Although cataracts can interfere with reading, they do not specifically cause the need to hold reading materials farther away, which is more indicative of presbyopia.

C) Tropia: Tropia is a type of strabismus where one eye deviates from normal alignment, leading to symptoms like double vision or eye strain. This condition affects how the eyes coordinate but does not typically cause the specific symptom of needing to hold reading materials farther away.

D) Myopia: Myopia, or nearsightedness, results in clear vision for close objects but blurry vision for distant objects. The client's issue of needing to hold reading materials farther away to see clearly is inconsistent with myopia, which would cause difficulty with distant vision instead.