A 75-year-old male who is a chronic alcoholic present to the medical office for his annual wellness visit. How would describe the findings found in photo?
Acanthosis Nigricans
Cyanosis
Jaundice
Carotenemia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Acanthosis Nigricans:
Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by dark, velvety patches of skin, often found in body folds such as the neck, armpits, and groin. It does not present as the yellow discoloration seen in the photo.
B. Cyanosis:
Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood. The image shows yellow discoloration, not the blue tint associated with cyanosis.
C. Jaundice:
Jaundice is indicated by a yellowish tint to the skin and sclera due to elevated bilirubin levels, commonly associated with liver dysfunction. The photo clearly shows this yellow discoloration, consistent with jaundice, often seen in chronic alcoholics with liver disease.
D. Carotenemia:
Carotenemia presents as a yellow-orange discoloration of the skin, especially on the palms and soles, due to high levels of carotene in the blood. It does not typically affect the sclera, which differentiates it from jaundice. The uniform yellowing of the skin and eyes in the photo aligns more with jaundice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Obesity II:
A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 37 falls within the range of 35 to 39.9, which is classified as Obesity Class II according to the World Health Organization (WHO) BMI categories. This classification indicates a higher risk of obesity-related health conditions and complications.
B) Overweight:
The overweight category corresponds to a BMI range of 25 to 29.9. A BMI of 37 is significantly higher than this range, indicating a more severe level of excess weight and associated health risks.
C) Normal weight:
Normal weight is defined by a BMI range of 18.5 to 24.9. A BMI of 37 is well above this range, indicating that the patient has excess body weight far beyond what is considered normal.
D) Obesity:
While the term "obesity" generally refers to a BMI of 30 or higher, specific classes of obesity (Class I, II, and III) are defined for more precise categorization. A BMI of 37 specifically places the patient in the Obesity II category.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(a) Inquire about family history of headaches:
While understanding the client's family history of headaches can be important for a comprehensive assessment, it is not the immediate priority. The description of "the worst headache" ever experienced could indicate a serious condition that needs urgent attention.
(b) Review the client's medical record:
Reviewing the client's medical record provides valuable information about their history and potential underlying conditions. However, given the severity of the reported headache, it is crucial to perform a more immediate physical assessment to rule out life-threatening conditions.
(c) Assess the client's blood pressure:
Assessing the client's blood pressure is a critical initial action. A severe headache can be a symptom of hypertensive crisis, stroke, or other serious conditions. High blood pressure could provide an immediate clue to the severity and cause of the headache, allowing for quicker intervention.
(d) Provide medication for pain relief:
Providing pain relief is important, but it should not be the first action without determining the cause of the headache. Administering medication without assessing the client's condition could mask symptoms of a potentially serious underlying issue such as a stroke or hypertensive emergency.
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