Which of the following stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin?

Ketoacids

Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Glucagon

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Ketoacids: This is incorrect. While ketoacids are a by-product of fat metabolism that occurs when insulin is low, they do not directly stimulate insulin secretion.
B. Hyperglycaemia: This is correct. Elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) directly stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin to help lower blood glucose levels.
C. Hypoglycaemia: This is incorrect. Low blood glucose levels (hypoglycaemia) would reduce insulin secretion and might increase glucagon secretion to raise blood glucose levels.
D. Glucagon: This is incorrect in the context of directly stimulating insulin secretion. Glucagon is a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are low. Its primary role is to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Aerobic: This describes a bacteria's oxygen requirement, not staining.
B. Gram-positive: This refers to the cell wall structure revealed by a Gram stain, a common method for classifying bacteria.
C. Cocci: This describes the shape (round) of some bacteria, not staining.
D. Bacillus: This is a specific genus of rod-shaped bacteria, not a general term for staining.

A. Increase insulin production by the pancreas B. Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas C. Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas D. Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increase insulin production by the pancreas: This is incorrect because incretin enhancers don't increase the production of insulin itself but rather enhance the secretion of insulin in response to meals.
B. Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas: This is correct. Incretin enhancers (e.g., DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists) work by amplifying the effect of incretins, which are hormones that increase insulin secretion in response to meals.
C. Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas: This is partly true but not the primary mechanism. Incretins do reduce glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose, but the main action is to increase insulin secretion.
D. Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells: This is incorrect. Incretin enhancers do not work by decreasing glucose uptake by cells; rather, they enhance insulin secretion which in turn helps cells to uptake glucose.

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Which of the following stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which term is used to describe the stain of bacteria?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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