Which of the following statements explains the difference in thickness between the right and left ventricle myocardium?

a. Produce chemicals that regulate the level of the immune response: While some T-cells can secrete cytokines that regulate the immune response, this is not the primary function of helper T-cells.

b. Recognize foreign antigens and initiate an immune response. Helper T-cells (Th cells) are a type of lymphocyte crucial in cell-mediated immunity. They play a central role in recognizing and identifying foreign antigens (substances recognized as foreign by the immune system). Once they recognize an antigen, they activate other immune cells like cytotoxic T cells and B cells to mount an immune response.

c. Chemically destroy foreign antigens by disrupting cell membranes: This is the function of cytotoxic T cells, not helper T-cells.

d. Create antibodies to target foreign antigens: Antibody production is the function of B cells activated by helper T-cells.

a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones are produced by the pancreas and regulate blood glucose levels, not involved in the fight or flight response.

b. Dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol: These are adrenal and gonadal hormones involved in sexual function and other roles, but not in the immediate stress response.

c. Ghrelin and kisspeptin: Ghrelin is involved in hunger signaling, and kisspeptin in reproductive hormone signaling, neither are involved in the stress response.

d. Epinephrine and norepinephrine: These are the primary hormones released by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, preparing the body for a fight or flight response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels.