Sodium and water balance is regulated by which of the following physiological factors?
Buffering mechanism of kidneys and sodium bicarbonate
Aldosterone and renin excretion
Production of glucocorticoids and reabsorption of glucose
Intestinal absorption and retention of water
The Correct Answer is B
a. Buffering mechanism of kidneys and sodium bicarbonate: The buffering mechanism and sodium bicarbonate are involved in pH regulation, not directly in sodium and water balance.
b. Aldosterone and renin excretion: Correct. Aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, and renin, an enzyme secreted by the kidneys, play crucial roles in regulating sodium and water balance.
c. Production of glucocorticoids and reabsorption of glucose: Glucocorticoids are involved in stress responses and metabolism, while glucose reabsorption relates to energy balance, not specifically sodium and water balance.
d. Intestinal absorption and retention of water: While intestinal absorption is important for overall fluid balance, it is not the primary regulatory mechanism for sodium and water balance in the body, which is primarily controlled by renal and endocrine factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Purkinje fibers: Purkinje fibers are the last structures to receive the signal within the ventricles, causing them to contract.
b. Bundle of His: The correct sequence of the cardiac conduction system is as follows: The electrical impulse originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node, then travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node. From the AV node, the impulse travels to the Bundle of His. After the Bundle of His, the impulse travels through the bundle branches and finally reaches the Purkinje fibers, which facilitate the contraction of the ventricles.
c. Bundle branches: The electrical impulse for heartbeat originates in the SA node (sinoatrial node). It then travels to the AV node (atrioventricular node), which delays the signal before sending it to the Bundle of His. The Bundle of His splits into right and left bundle branches, which distribute the electrical signal to the Purkinje fibers in the ventricles, causing them to contract in a coordinated fashion.
d. SA node: The SA node initiates the electrical impulse, not receive it after the AV node.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Presence of calcium: Calcium does not directly stimulate the production of Vitamin D in the skin.
b. Exposure to ultraviolet light: UVB rays from sunlight stimulate the skin to produce Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
c. Exposure to cold temperature: Cold temperature does not affect Vitamin D production.
d. Presence of parathyroid hormone: Parathyroid hormone helps regulate calcium levels and can stimulate the conversion of Vitamin D to its active form in the kidneys, but it does not stimulate its production in the skin.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today