Which of the following types of immunity is acquired through a varicella vaccination?
Artificial passive
Artificial active
Natural active
Natural passive
The Correct Answer is B
a: Artificial passive - Artificial passive immunity involves the transfer of pre-made antibodies from one individual to another, such as through injection of immune serum or administration of antibodies produced in a laboratory.
b. Artificial active: Artificial active immunity is acquired through vaccination, where a person's immune system is exposed to a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen, such as the varicella (chickenpox) virus, to stimulate an immune response and the production of antibodies.
c: Natural active - Natural active immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a pathogen in the environment and develops an immune response, such as contracting and recovering from a disease like chickenpox.
d: Natural passive - Natural passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her baby, such as through breastfeeding or placental transfer of antibodies during pregnancy.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a. Spermatozoa: These are the mature male gametes (sperm cells) that result from spermatogenesis but do not describe the process of meiosis itself.
b. Spermiogenesis: This is the final stage of spermatogenesis, where spermatids undergo morphological changes to become mature spermatozoa.
c. Spermatogenesis: This is the process that includes both meiosis and subsequent maturation steps, resulting in the formation of spermatozoa. It involves the production of haploid sperm cells from diploid germ cells.
d. Spermatocytes: These are the cells that undergo meiosis during spermatogenesis. Primary spermatocytes undergo the first meiotic division to form secondary spermatocytes, which then undergo the second meiotic division to produce spermatids.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Stratum granulosum: This layer is composed of keratinocytes that are in the process of dying and forming a barrier of keratin.
b. Stratum basale: This is the deepest layer of the epidermis, where keratinocytes are actively dividing. This layer contains stem cells that produce new keratinocytes to replace those shed from the surface.
c. Stratum lucidum: This layer is only present in thick skin, such as on the palms and soles, and consists of dead keratinocytes that have a translucent appearance.
d. Stratum spinosum: This layer contains keratinocytes that are beginning to produce keratin and other proteins but are not rapidly dividing.
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