Which of the following types of immunity is acquired through a varicella vaccination?

a. The outer tissue layer consisting of renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules: This describes the renal cortex, not the renal pelvis.

b. The inner tissue layer consisting of the loop of Henle and collecting tubules: This describes the renal medulla, not the renal pelvis.

c. The expanded area of a renal tubule that encloses the glomerulus: This describes Bowman's capsule, not the renal pelvis.

d. The cavity where urine flows from the calyces to enter the ureters: Correct. The renal pelvis is the funnel-shaped cavity that collects urine from the calyces and channels it into the ureter.

a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones are produced by the pancreas and regulate blood glucose levels, not involved in the fight or flight response.

b. Dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol: These are adrenal and gonadal hormones involved in sexual function and other roles, but not in the immediate stress response.

c. Ghrelin and kisspeptin: Ghrelin is involved in hunger signaling, and kisspeptin in reproductive hormone signaling, neither are involved in the stress response.

d. Epinephrine and norepinephrine: These are the primary hormones released by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, preparing the body for a fight or flight response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels.