Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between obesity and surgical risk?

Obesity only affects the risk of surgical complications in certain surgical procedures.

Obesity has no impact on surgical risk.

Obesity decreases the risk of surgical complications.

Obesity increases the risk of surgical complications.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Obesity does not selectively affect only certain types of surgical procedures; rather, it generally increases the risk of complications across a wide range of surgical interventions. This includes both elective and emergency surgeries.
B.   Obesity significantly impacts surgical risk. It is associated with a higher likelihood of complications such as wound infections, delayed wound healing, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular issues. The presence of excess body fat affects multiple physiological systems and can complicate both the surgical procedure and recovery.
C.   Obesity does not decrease the risk of surgical complications; rather, it increases it. The excess body fat associated with obesity can lead to problems such as impaired wound healing, increased risk of infection, cardiovascular strain, and respiratory issues, which all contribute to a higher risk of complications during and after surgery.
D.   This statement accurately reflects the relationship between obesity and surgical risk. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of a variety of surgical complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a primary decrease in bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) levels, which is not typically a direct result of COPD. However, if a patient with COPD has an additional condition like kidney failure or severe sepsis, they could potentially develop metabolic acidosis. But, this is not the primary concern in COPD.
B. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, where there is excessive loss of CO₂ leading to an increase in blood pH. This is less common in COPD patients, as they typically have difficulty exhaling CO₂ rather than hyperventilating.
C. Metabolic alkalosis involves an increase in blood pH due to elevated bicarbonate levels or loss of acid. This is not typically associated with COPD, unless there is an unrelated condition causing metabolic alkalosis.
D. COPD is characterized by impaired airflow and reduced ability to expel carbon dioxide (CO₂) effectively. As CO₂ accumulates in the blood, it combines with water to form carbonic acid, which lowers the blood pH, leading to respiratory acidosis.

Correct Answer is ["0.8"]

Explanation

(desired dose / available dose) x available quantity.

For this scenario, it would be (100 mg / 250 mg) x 2 mL, which equals 0.8 mL.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.8 mL of hydrocortisone per dose to deliver the prescribed 100 mg dosage.

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Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between obesity and surgical risk?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer hydrocortisone 100 mg IM daily to a client. Available is hydrocortisone 250 mg/2 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["0.8"]

Explanation

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