Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between obesity and surgical risk?
Obesity only affects the risk of surgical complications in certain surgical procedures.
Obesity has no impact on surgical risk.
Obesity decreases the risk of surgical complications.
Obesity increases the risk of surgical complications.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Obesity does not selectively affect only certain types of surgical procedures; rather, it generally increases the risk of complications across a wide range of surgical interventions. This includes both elective and emergency surgeries.
B. Obesity significantly impacts surgical risk. It is associated with a higher likelihood of complications such as wound infections, delayed wound healing, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular issues. The presence of excess body fat affects multiple physiological systems and can complicate both the surgical procedure and recovery.
C. Obesity does not decrease the risk of surgical complications; rather, it increases it. The excess body fat associated with obesity can lead to problems such as impaired wound healing, increased risk of infection, cardiovascular strain, and respiratory issues, which all contribute to a higher risk of complications during and after surgery.
D. This statement accurately reflects the relationship between obesity and surgical risk. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of a variety of surgical complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3-25 mEq/L: This is within normal ranges and does not indicate acidosis.
B. pH 7.32, PaCO2 47 mm Hg. HCO3-23 mEq/L: This indicates respiratory acidosis, not metabolic.
C. pH 7.3, PaCO2 36 mm Hg. HCO3- 19 mEq/L: This indicates metabolic acidosis. The pH is low (acidic), and the HCO3- (bicarbonate) is decreased. The PaCO2 is within normal limits, indicating the respiratory system is compensating for the metabolic acidosis.
D. pH 7.5, PaCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3- 35 mEq/L: This indicates alkalosis, not acidosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Obese patients often have decreased lung function due to reduced chest wall compliance and increased abdominal pressure, which can impair respiratory mechanics. This leads to a higher risk of respiratory complications such as hypoventilation, atelectasis, and pneumonia post-surgery.
B. Obesity places additional strain on the cardiovascular system, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events like hypertension, heart attack, and stroke. This strain is compounded during surgery due to increased cardiac workload and potential fluid shifts.
C. Obesity impairs wound healing due to several factors, including decreased oxygenation to tissues, impaired immune function, and increased adipose tissue which can create a moist environment conducive to infection. This increases the risk of postoperative infections.
D. In fact, obesity is associated with an increased risk of blood clots (venous thromboembolism) due to reduced mobility, chronic inflammation, and altered coagulation factors. Obesity does not improve circulation; rather, it often exacerbates venous stasis and clot formation.
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