Which of the following population health nursing practices are at the forefront of disease outbreaks and early education?

Choice A reason: A systematic review and meta-analysis involve summarizing the results of multiple studies. While they can include quantitative data, they are not a type of primary evidence but rather secondary evidence that synthesizes findings from primary studies.

Choice B reason: Qualitative evidence refers to non-numerical data used to understand concepts, thoughts, or experiences. A double-blind controlled study typically involves numerical data to test hypotheses, making it quantitative rather than qualitative.

Choice C reason: Mixed-method evidence combines both qualitative and quantitative research methods. A double-blind controlled study is specifically quantitative as it relies on numerical data and statistical analysis.

Choice D reason: Quantitative evidence is based on numerical data and statistical analysis. A double-blind controlled study is a quantitative research method because it aims to measure outcomes objectively, often using statistical tests to infer findings.

Choice A reason:

The formation of an ethical committee can be helpful in ethical decision-making, but it is not the sole factor. Committees provide a structured approach to addressing ethical issues, yet individual reasoning and questioning are also crucial.

Choice B reason:

The nurse's moral compass is important in guiding personal ethical decisions. However, ethical analysis often requires going beyond individual morals to consider broader ethical principles and the perspectives of others.

Choice C reason:

The black and white concept of morality suggests clear-cut right and wrong answers, which is rarely the case in ethical analysis. Ethical dilemmas often involve complex situations that require nuanced thinking.

Choice D reason:

The ability to ask good questions is fundamental to ethical analysis and decision-making. It allows individuals to explore different aspects of a situation, consider various viewpoints, and weigh the consequences of potential actions.