Which of the following is the first response in the process of hemostasis?
Blood clot formation
Platelet aggregation
Activation of prothrombin
Constriction of smooth muscle in blood vessels
The Correct Answer is D
a. Blood clot formation: This is one of the later stages of hemostasis, involving the formation of a fibrin clot to seal the wound.
b. Platelet aggregation: This occurs after the initial vasoconstriction and is part of the platelet plug formation phase.
c. Activation of prothrombin: This occurs in the coagulation phase where prothrombin is converted to thrombin, leading to the formation of a fibrin clot.
d. Constriction of smooth muscle in blood vessels: This is the first response, known as vascular spasm or vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the area and minimizes blood loss.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Activation of plasmin: Plasmin is involved in breaking down blood clots, not in their formation. It is part of the fibrinolytic system.
b. Activation of heparin: Heparin is an anticoagulant that prevents clotting; it is not required for blood clotting.
c. Adequate levels of potassium: Potassium is important for cellular function but does not play a direct role in blood clotting.
d. Adequate levels of calcium: Calcium ions are essential for various steps in the blood clotting cascade, including the activation of certain clotting factors.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Smooth: Correct. Smooth muscle cells in the walls of blood vessels regulate their diameter through contraction and relaxation.
b. Striated: Striated muscles, also known as skeletal muscles, are involved in voluntary movements and are not responsible for regulating blood vessel diameter.
c. Cardiac: Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood, not regulating blood vessel diameter.
d. Skeletal: Skeletal muscles control voluntary movements and are not involved in regulating blood vessel diameter.
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