Which of the following structures moves downward to close the trachea during the process of swallowing?
Epiglottis
Vestibular fold
Uvula
Cricoid cartilage
The Correct Answer is A
a. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a small flap of cartilage located above the larynx (voice box). During swallowing, the epiglottis folds down to cover the opening of the trachea, preventing food or drink from entering the airway and causing choking.
b. Vestibular fold: Vestibular folds are also known as false vocal cords. They do not play a major role in preventing food or drink from entering the airway.
c. Uvula: The uvula is a small, fleshy projection hanging from the back of the soft palate. It does not directly cover the trachea during swallowing.
d. Cricoid cartilage: The cricoid cartilage is a ring-shaped cartilage located at the base of the larynx. It provides structural support and does not move significantly during swallowing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Decrease in sodium reabsorption: This would lead to further lowering of blood pressure, which is not a compensatory response.
b. Dilation of the afferent arteriole: This typically increases glomerular filtration rate but is not a primary response to decreased blood pressure.
c. Constriction of the efferent arteriole: This response helps to increase glomerular pressure but is secondary to other mechanisms.
d. Release of renin: Renin is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure, initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to increase blood pressure by conserving sodium and water and constricting blood vessels.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a: Testes - The testes are located outside the body cavity within the scrotum and are responsible for producing sperm and testosterone.
b. Prostate: The prostate gland is a male reproductive organ located at the neck of the bladder and surrounds the urethra. It plays a role in the production of seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
c: Rugae - Rugae are folds in the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder that allow it to stretch as it fills with urine; they do not surround the urethra.
d: Bulbourethral - The bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands) are pea-sized glands located below the prostate gland that secrete a clear fluid into the urethra during sexual arousal, but they do not surround the urethra at the neck of the bladder.
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