Which of the following is a hormone pair that acts as antagonists in the body?
insulin and glucagon
Ghrelin and gastrin
Calcitonin and melatonin
Androsterone and estradiol
The Correct Answer is A
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels; insulin decreases blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, while glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.
b. Ghrelin and gastrin: Ghrelin stimulates appetite, and gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, but they do not directly oppose each other.
c. Calcitonin and melatonin: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels, while melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles; they do not act as antagonists.
d. Androsterone and estradiol: These are sex hormones with different roles but are not direct antagonists; they do not have opposing effects in the body.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a: Electrolytes - Electrolytes are ions such as sodium, potassium, and chloride that play essential roles in various physiological processes but are not directly involved in protecting the body from pathogens.
b. Leukocytes: Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are involved in the immune response and protect the body from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
c: Thrombocytes - Thrombocytes, or platelets, are involved in blood clotting but not in protecting the body from pathogens.
d: Erythrocytes - Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily involved in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide and do not play a direct role in immune defense.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a: Ovaries - The ovaries are the female reproductive organs where oogenesis occurs, but they are not the process itself.
b. Oogenesis: Oogenesis is the process by which female gametes (egg cells) are produced through meiosis in the ovaries.
c: Ovulation - Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the ovary, not the process of egg cell formation.
d: Oocytes - Oocytes are immature egg cells found within the ovaries; they undergo oogenesis to mature into eggs.
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