Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that is able to bind to a muscle cell receptor and produce an action potential?
Acetylcholine
Calcium
Adenosine triphosphate
Sodium
The Correct Answer is A
a. Acetylcholine: This is the primary neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions. It binds to receptors on muscle cells (specifically nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) and triggers an action potential, leading to muscle contraction.
b. Calcium: While calcium ions are essential for muscle contraction, they are not neurotransmitters. Instead, they play a role in the release of acetylcholine from the nerve terminal and in the contraction process within muscle cells.
c. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): ATP is the primary energy carrier in cells but is not a neurotransmitter. It is crucial for muscle contraction, as it provides the energy for various steps in the contraction cycle.
d. Sodium: Sodium ions are involved in generating action potentials and depolarizing muscle cells, but they are not neurotransmitters.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Carrying stimulus to the spinal cord and the brain from all other parts of the body: This is the function of afferent neurons, not efferent neurons.
b. Conducting impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons: This describes interneurons, which relay signals between sensory and motor neurons.
c. Regulating neuron function: This is a vague description and doesn't specifically relate to the primary role of efferent neurons.
d. Carrying stimulus away from the brain and spinal cord: This correctly describes efferent neurons, which carry motor commands from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Presence of calcium: Calcium does not directly stimulate the production of Vitamin D in the skin.
b. Exposure to ultraviolet light: UVB rays from sunlight stimulate the skin to produce Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
c. Exposure to cold temperature: Cold temperature does not affect Vitamin D production.
d. Presence of parathyroid hormone: Parathyroid hormone helps regulate calcium levels and can stimulate the conversion of Vitamin D to its active form in the kidneys, but it does not stimulate its production in the skin.
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