Which of the following integral proteins allows ions to pass into or out of the cell?
Receptor
Channel
Ligand
Peripheral
The Correct Answer is B
a: Receptor - Receptors are proteins that bind to signaling molecules (ligands) outside the cell and initiate cellular responses but do not typically facilitate ion movement.
b. Channel-Integral membrane proteins called ion channels create pores in the cell membrane, allowing specific ions to pass through, thus facilitating ion movement into or out of the cell.
c: Ligand - Ligands are signaling molecules that bind to receptors, activating them, but they do not facilitate ion movement.
d: Peripheral - Peripheral proteins are found on the surface of the cell membrane but are not typically involved in creating ion channels
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Mouth: The mouth is primarily responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food and the beginning of starch digestion via salivary amylase, but it is not a major site of nutrient absorption.
b. Small intestine: The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption. The majority of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed here through its extensive surface area provided by villi and microvilli.
c. Large intestine: The large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes. It is not a major site for nutrient absorption.
d. Stomach: The stomach is mainly involved in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, particularly proteins, but only a small amount of nutrients (e.g., alcohol, some drugs) are absorbed here.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones are produced by the pancreas and regulate blood glucose levels, not involved in the fight or flight response.
b. Dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol: These are adrenal and gonadal hormones involved in sexual function and other roles, but not in the immediate stress response.
c. Ghrelin and kisspeptin: Ghrelin is involved in hunger signaling, and kisspeptin in reproductive hormone signaling, neither are involved in the stress response.
d. Epinephrine and norepinephrine: These are the primary hormones released by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, preparing the body for a fight or flight response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels.
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