Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

Hypoglycemic episodes and dizziness.

Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production.

Formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leading to tissue damage.

Enhanced insulin sensitivity and improved glucose control.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes can lead to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which contribute to tissue damage, inflammation, and complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemic episodes are associated with low blood sugar, not prolonged hyperglycemia.

b. This choice is incorrect. Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production would not be consequences of prolonged hyperglycemia; rather, hyperglycemia impairs cellular glucose uptake.

d. This choice is incorrect. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance, not enhanced insulin sensitivity.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, where cells do not effectively respond to insulin, and relative insulin deficiency due to impaired beta cell function.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and an absolute insulin deficiency.

c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and may involve a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.

d. This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors, not primarily by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

A. Avoid carbohydrates completely to prevent blood sugar spikes. B. Consume high amounts of sugary snacks to maintain energy levels. C. Include a variety of whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables in meals. D. Limit fluid intake to prevent excessive urination.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Including a variety of whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables in meals is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with diabetes. Carbohydrates should not be completely avoided (choice a), and sugary snacks should be limited (choice b). Adequate fluid intake is important, and there is no need to restrict fluids (choice d).

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Carbohydrates are an important source of energy and should not be completely avoided. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and making healthy carbohydrate choices.

b. This choice is incorrect. Consuming high amounts of sugary snacks can lead to blood sugar spikes and is not recommended for individuals with diabetes.

d. This choice is incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health and is not typically restricted in diabetes management.

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Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is primarily characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which of the following is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is a long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by kidney damage due to prolonged high blood glucose levels, leading to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is related to long-standing hyperglycemia and may result in slow wound healing and frequent infections?

Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse should instruct the client to consume:

Which diagnostic criterion is indicative of diabetes mellitus on a random blood glucose test?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in an absolute insulin deficiency?