Which of the following is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever (RF)?

Janeway spots

Polyarthritis 5 + joints

Vomiting

Oster nodes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

a) Janeway spots: Janeway lesions are painless, small, erythematous or hemorrhagic macules found on the palms or soles, characteristic of infective endocarditis, not typically associated with rheumatic fever.

b) Polyarthritis 5 + joints: Polyarthritis involving multiple joints, often migrating, is a major manifestation of acute rheumatic fever.

c) Vomiting: While nausea and vomiting can occur, they are not specific to rheumatic fever.

d) Oster nodes: Osler nodes are tender nodules found in infective endocarditis, not typically seen in rheumatic fever.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a) The infant having a higher basal metabolic rate: Basal metabolic rate doesn't directly impact urine specific gravity.

b) The infant’s kidneys being less able to concentrate urine: In fact, infants have immature kidneys that are less efficient at concentrating urine, but this is not the primary reason for lower specific gravity.

c) The infant having a greater percentage of body weight in water: Infants have a higher percentage of body weight in water, leading to more dilute urine.

d) The infant having a greater body surface area: While body surface area influences some aspects of renal function, it's not the main factor affecting urine specific gravity in infants.

A. Make her lie down and rest quietly B. Examine her oral pharynx and report to the physician C. Auscultate her lungs and prepare for placement in a warm mist tent D. Defer an oral assessment and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Make her lie down and rest quietly: Inappropriate as the symptoms suggest potential airway obstruction.

b) Examine her oral pharynx and report to the physician: Important action, but immediate airway management is the priority.

c) Auscultate her lungs and prepare for placement in a warm mist tent: Less critical than ensuring an open airway.

d) Defer an oral assessment and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation: The child's symptoms (stridor, agitation, drooling) indicate potential upper airway obstruction, and immediate readiness for airway intervention is essential.

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Which of the following is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever (RF)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse notes that the specific gravity of urine is lower in infants than in older children. The nurse recognizes that the rationale for this difference is related to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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