A nurse notes that the specific gravity of urine is lower in infants than in older children. The nurse recognizes that the rationale for this difference is related to:
The infant having a higher basal metabolic rate
The infant’s kidneys being less able to concentrate urine
The infant having a greater percentage of body weight in water
The infant having a greater body surface area
The Correct Answer is C
a) The infant having a higher basal metabolic rate: Basal metabolic rate doesn't directly impact urine specific gravity.
b) The infant’s kidneys being less able to concentrate urine: In fact, infants have immature kidneys that are less efficient at concentrating urine, but this is not the primary reason for lower specific gravity.
c) The infant having a greater percentage of body weight in water: Infants have a higher percentage of body weight in water, leading to more dilute urine.
d) The infant having a greater body surface area: While body surface area influences some aspects of renal function, it's not the main factor affecting urine specific gravity in infants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) Immediately packing the nares with cotton with neo-synephrine: Packing the nose immediately is not usually recommended as a first aid measure and should be done by a healthcare professional.
b) Tilting the child’s head forward, squeezing below the nasal bone, and applying ice to the nose: Correct first aid for epistaxis involves tilting the head forward to prevent swallowing of blood, applying pressure below the nasal bone, and using ice to constrict blood vessels.
c) Tilting the child’s head back, squeezing the bridge of the nose, and applying a warm pack to the nose: Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially lead to swallowing or choking on blood.
d) Lying the child down and applying a warm pack: Lying down may increase the risk of swallowing blood and should be avoided during a nosebleed.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
a) Airway swelling: Seen in both bronchiolitis and RSV due to inflammation.
b) Barking cough: More commonly associated with croup, not typically a prominent feature in bronchiolitis or RSV.
c) Increased mucus: Both conditions involve increased mucus production.
d) Bronchospasm: Present in both bronchiolitis and RSV due to airway irritation.
e) Air trapping: Can occur in both conditions due to the airway obstruction and inflammation
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