Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the education of a client with osteoarthritis?
"Take frequent breaks during activities to rest your affected joints."
"Avoid using assistive devices to prevent dependency on them."
"Perform high-impact exercises regularly to strengthen your joints."
"Apply a heating pad for at least 1 hour to alleviate joint pain."
The Correct Answer is A
Instructing the client to take frequent breaks during activities to rest the affected joints helps reduce stress and prevent worsening of symptoms. Avoiding the use of assistive devices can lead to increased joint strain and pain, so it is essential to encourage their appropriate use. Performing high-impact exercises is not recommended, as they can worsen joint pain and damage. Applying a heating pad for an extended period is not advisable, as it can cause burns and skin irritation.
b. "Avoid using assistive devices to prevent dependency on them." Encouraging the appropriate use of assistive devices is important for clients with osteoarthritis to reduce joint stress during daily activities.
c. "Perform high-impact exercises regularly to strengthen your joints." High-impact exercises can exacerbate joint pain and damage in clients with osteoarthritis. Low-impact exercises are recommended instead.
d. "Apply a heating pad for at least 1 hour to alleviate joint pain." Applying a heating pad for an extended period can cause burns and skin irritation. Using a heating pad for short intervals is appropriate for pain relief.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
MRI is the most appropriate diagnostic test to confirm the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. It can provide detailed images of the affected joints, allowing the healthcare provider to assess the joint structures, cartilage, and bone for signs of osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid factor (RF) blood test and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood test are used to diagnose inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. Synovial fluid analysis is usually performed to assess for infection or inflammation in the joint, not to diagnose osteoarthritis.
a. Rheumatoid factor (RF) blood test is used to diagnose inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
c. C-reactive protein (CRP) blood test is used to diagnose inflammatory conditions, but it is not specific to osteoarthritis.
d. Synovial fluid analysis is usually performed to assess for infection or inflammation in the joint, not to diagnose osteoarthritis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The main characteristic of osteoarthritis is the gradual breakdown of joint cartilage, which leads to joint pain, stiffness, and loss of function. This breakdown occurs over time due to various factors such as aging, joint overuse, and mechanical stress.
a. Osteoarthritis is primarily a non-inflammatory condition. While some inflammation may occur in later stages, it is not the main characteristic of the disease. Inflammation of the synovial membrane is more characteristic of other types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
b. Formation of bony nodules in the joints is not a primary characteristic of osteoarthritis. It is more commonly seen in conditions like osteophytes, which are small, bony outgrowths that can develop around the joints in response to cartilage degeneration.
d. Overproduction of synovial fluid is not a characteristic of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not primarily a disease of the synovial membrane, and excessive synovial fluid production is more characteristic of inflammatory joint conditions.
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