Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

Infective endocarditis

Kawasaki disease

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Cardiomyopathy

Transposition of the great vessels

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A rationale
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers or valves. It’s typically caused by bacteria entering the blood and settling in the heart. It is considered an acquired heart disease because it develops during a person’s lifetime.
Choice B rationale
Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. It’s most common in children younger than 5 years old. While it’s not a heart disease, it can lead to serious heart problems if not treated.
Choice C rationale
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a type of congenital heart defect, meaning it’s present at birth. Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can be acquired or inherited.
Choice E rationale
Transposition of the great vessels is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Acute rheumatic fever is a complication that can occur after an infection with group A streptococcus, which causes strep throat and sometimes scarlet fever. The most common symptoms of rheumatic fever include fever, painful and tender joints, pain in the chest, fatigue, fast heart rate, palpitations, and multiple-joint inflammation. Therefore, asking if the child has had a sore throat recently is relevant as it could indicate a recent strep throat infection, which is a common precursor to acute rheumatic fever.
Choice B rationale
While injuries can lead to various health complications, they are not directly related to the development of acute rheumatic fever. Acute rheumatic fever is primarily caused by an overreaction of the body’s immune system to a strep throat or scarlet fever infection.
Therefore, recent injuries would not typically be a relevant factor in a suspected case of acute rheumatic fever.
Choice C rationale
Acute rheumatic fever is not a congenital condition, meaning it is not present from birth. It develops as a complication of strep throat or scarlet fever. Therefore, asking if the child was born with a cardiac defect would not typically be relevant in a suspected case of acute rheumatic fever.
Choice D rationale
While aspirin is often used in the treatment of rheumatic fever to reduce inflammation and pain, it is not a cause of the condition. Therefore, asking if the child has been given aspirin in the past 2 weeks would not typically be relevant in a suspected case of acute rheumatic fever.

A. Deep tendon reflexes of +1 B. Blood pressure 148/98 mm Hg C. 1+ pitting sacral edema D. 3+ protein in the urine .

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Deep tendon reflexes of +1 are not consistent with preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of kidney damage. One of the symptoms can be hyperreflexia, or overly active reflexes, not diminished reflexes.
Choice B rationale
Blood pressure of 148/98 mm Hg is consistent with preeclampsia, as one of the defining features of preeclampsia is high blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
1+ pitting sacral edema is consistent with preeclampsia. Edema, or swelling, is a common symptom of preeclampsia.
Choice D rationale
3+ protein in the urine is consistent with preeclampsia. One of the defining features of preeclampsia is the presence of excess protein in urine (proteinuria), which indicates kidney problems. Deep vein thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis Explore

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Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following Questions should the nurse ask?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who is gravida 1 and para 0. The client was admitted to the hospital at 38 weeks of gestation with a diagnosis of preeclampsia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as inconsistent with preeclampsia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a newborn who was born at 38 weeks of gestation, weighs 3,200 g, and is in the 60th percentile for weight. How should the nurse classify this neonate based on the weight and gestational age?

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client in the first trimester of pregnancy. The client’s health record includes this data: G3 T1 P0 A1 L1. How should the nurse interpret this information? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is evaluating an infant following a motor vehicle accident. Which signs should the nurse monitor to detect increased intracranial pressure?

A nurse is caring for a child who has Kawasaki disease. Which of the following systems should the nurse monitor in response to this diagnosis?

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is attending to a group of clients. Which client’s weight gain should the nurse be concerned about?

A nurse is completing a newborn assessment and notices small white nodules on the roof of the newborn’s mouth. This finding is characteristic of which of the following conditions?

A nurse is discharging a child who has recovered from an acute crisis episode of sickle cell anemia. What instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?