Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

Infective endocarditis

Kawasaki disease

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Cardiomyopathy

Transposition of the great vessels

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A rationale
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers or valves. It’s typically caused by bacteria entering the blood and settling in the heart. It is considered an acquired heart disease because it develops during a person’s lifetime.
Choice B rationale
Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. It’s most common in children younger than 5 years old. While it’s not a heart disease, it can lead to serious heart problems if not treated.
Choice C rationale
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a type of congenital heart defect, meaning it’s present at birth. Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can be acquired or inherited.
Choice E rationale
Transposition of the great vessels is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Limiting noise and interruption in the delivery room can help create a calm environment, which can be beneficial for both the mother and the newborn. However, this is not the priority action for promoting maternal-infant bonding.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging parents to touch and explore the neonate’s features can help foster a connection between the parents and the newborn. This tactile stimulation can also be comforting for the newborn. However, this is not the most immediate action to promote maternal-infant bonding.
Choice C rationale
Placing the neonate skin-to-skin on the client’s chest is the priority action. Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth helps regulate the newborn’s temperature, heart rate, and breathing. It also promotes breastfeeding and bonding.
Choice D rationale
Placing the neonate at the client’s breast can promote breastfeeding, which can enhance maternal-infant bonding. However, this is not the first action to take. The priority is to establish skin-to-skin contact.

A. “Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day.”. B. “Monitor your child’s temperature daily.”. C. “Apply cold compresses when your child expresses pain.”. D. “Restrict outdoor play activity to 1 hour per day.”.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Hydration is crucial for children who have recovered from an acute crisis episode of sickle cell anemia. Dehydration can increase the risk of a sickle cell crisis by making the blood more concentrated. Offering fluids to the child multiple times every day can help prevent dehydration.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring the child’s temperature daily can help detect any infections early. Infections can trigger a sickle cell crisis. However, this is not the most critical instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching.
Choice C rationale
Applying cold compresses when the child expresses pain is not recommended. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which can lead to a decrease in blood flow and potentially trigger a sickle cell crisis.
Choice D rationale
Restricting outdoor play activity to 1 hour per day is not necessarily required for children who have recovered from an acute crisis episode of sickle cell anemia. Physical activity is generally beneficial for children’s health and well-being.

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Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in the delivery room is planning to promote maternal-infant bonding for a client who just delivered. What is the priority action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is discharging a child who has recovered from an acute crisis episode of sickle cell anemia. What instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating the parents of a toddler about iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following should the nurse suggest as a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia?

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A nurse is attending to a client in labor who is showing late decelerations on the electronic fetal monitor. What should be the nurse’s initial course of action?

Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following Questions should the nurse ask?

A nurse is providing care for a 6-month-old infant who underwent a cardiac catheterization. The child was diagnosed with pulmonary stenosis early in infancy and was admitted today for a balloon angioplasty procedure. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the discharge teaching?