Which of the following describes a situation in which the blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual target organ damage?

Secondary hypertension

Hypertensive urgency

Hypertensive emergency

Primary hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Secondary hypertension is high blood pressure due to an identifiable cause, such as renal disease, but it does not describe an acute situation with target organ damage.

B. Hypertensive urgency is a situation where the blood pressure is severely elevated but without evidence of target organ damage.

C. Hypertensive emergency is characterized by severely elevated blood pressure with evidence of acute target organ damage, such as encephalopathy, myocardial infarction, or renal failure, requiring immediate medical intervention.

D. Primary hypertension, also known as essential hypertension, is high blood pressure without a known secondary cause and does not describe an acute emergency.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so it would not cause hypokalemia.

B. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the kidneys to excrete potassium, leading to hypokalemia.

C. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker and does not directly affect potassium levels.

D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator and does not affect potassium levels.

A. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and elevated total CPK B. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and normal cardiac enzymes C. ST-segment elevation on ECG and elevated CK-MB or troponin levels D. Q wave on ECG with normal enzymes and troponin levels

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A depressed ST-segment is often associated with ischemia or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), not an ongoing MI.

B. A depressed ST-segment with normal cardiac enzymes suggests ischemia rather than an active MI.

C. ST-segment elevation on ECG combined with elevated cardiac biomarkers such as CK-MB or troponin levels is a hallmark of an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), indicating an ongoing MI.

D. A Q wave on ECG indicates an old infarction and is not associated with an acute MI if enzymes and troponin levels are normal.

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Which of the following describes a situation in which the blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual target organ damage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following medications as the cause of the client's low potassium level?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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