Which of the following describes a congenital defect resulting in an incomplete formation of the esophagus?
Hiatal hernia
Esophageal atresia
Pyloric stenosis
Cleft palate
The Correct Answer is B
Choice B rationale
Esophageal atresia is a congenital defect resulting in an incomplete formation of the esophagus, often leading to feeding difficulties and aspiration (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice A rationale
A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus, causing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (Healthline, 2022).
Choice C rationale
Pyloric stenosis refers to a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, resulting in difficulty emptying stomach contents (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice D rationale
Cleft palate involves an incomplete formation of the palate, causing issues with feeding and speech development (nih.gov, n.d.).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hyperkalemia, or high levels of potassium in the blood, is not a clinical manifestation of Cushing syndrome.
Choice B rationale
Thin skin that bruises easily is indeed a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. The condition causes the skin to become thin and fragile, leading to easy bruising.
Choice C rationale
A round, “moon face” appearance is another common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is caused by the redistribution of fat to certain areas of the body, including the face.
Choice D rationale
Weight loss is not typically associated with Cushing syndrome. In fact, weight gain, particularly in the trunk of the body, is a more common symptom.
Choice E rationale
A fatty pad between the shoulders, often referred to as a “buffalo hump,” is a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is also due to the redistribution of fat in the body.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
In a client with Addison’s disease, the nurse should anticipate a serum electrolyte imbalance characterized by a serum potassium level of 6 mEq/L. Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and/or aldosterone. This can lead to hyperkalemia, or high levels of potassium in the blood.
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