Which of the following conditions are potential causes of secondary hypertension? (Select all that apply)

Rheumatoid arthritis.

Coarctation of the aorta.

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

Renal disease.

Colon cancer.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

Choice A rationale
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. While it can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease due to systemic inflammation, it is not typically considered a direct cause of secondary hypertension.
Choice B rationale
Coarctation of the aorta, a congenital condition characterized by a narrowing of the aorta, can cause secondary hypertension. This is because the narrowing can increase resistance to blood flow, leading to increased pressure.
Choice C rationale
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can cause secondary hypertension as part of Cushing’s reflex, a physiological response to protect the brain from damage. This reflex can lead to an increase in systemic blood pressure in an attempt to maintain cerebral perfusion.
Choice D rationale
Renal disease is a common cause of secondary hypertension. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, and damage to the kidneys can lead to hypertension.
Choice E rationale
Colon cancer is not typically associated with secondary hypertension. While some cancers can produce substances that increase blood pressure, colon cancer is not commonly associated with this phenomenon.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Aortic regurgitation is a condition where the aortic valve doesn’t close tightly, causing blood to leak back into the left ventricle. This condition can lead to left heart failure but is not typically associated with right heart failure.
Choice B rationale
Mitral regurgitation is a disorder in which the mitral valve on the left side of the heart does not close properly. This condition can lead to left heart failure but is not typically associated with right heart failure.
Choice C rationale
Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening. This condition can lead to left heart failure but is not typically associated with right heart failure.
Choice D rationale
Tricuspid regurgitation is a disorder in which the heart’s tricuspid valve does not close properly, causing blood to flow backward into the right atrium. This condition can lead to right heart failure, especially when associated with pulmonary hypertension.

A. The patient smokes cigarettes. B. The patient eats bananas twice a day. C. The patient wears mittens outside. D. The patient takes calcium channel blockers.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Smoking cigarettes can exacerbate the symptoms of Raynaud’s disease by causing further constriction of the blood vessels. Therefore, a patient who continues to smoke cigarettes may need further education about the management of Raynaud’s disease.
Choice B rationale
Eating bananas twice a day is not typically a concern for patients with Raynaud’s disease.
Choice C rationale
Wearing mittens outside, especially in cold weather, is a recommended strategy for managing Raynaud’s disease. It can help to prevent episodes of Raynaud’s by keeping the hands warm and reducing exposure to cold temperatures.
Choice D rationale
Taking calcium channel blockers is a common treatment for Raynaud’s disease. These medications help to relax and open up the small blood vessels in the hands and feet, reducing the severity and frequency of Raynaud’s episodes.

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Which of the following conditions are potential causes of secondary hypertension? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 35-year-old patient presents with pulmonary hypertension and is diagnosed with right heart failure. What is the most likely cause of this condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following findings in a patient with Raynaud’s disease would indicate a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which antihypertensive medication is not recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma?

A patient newly admitted with pulmonary edema is due to receive several medications. Which medication should the nurse efore administration?

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While conducting an admission assessment, the nurse observes clubbing of the patient’s fingers. Based on this finding, the nurse should he patient about which disease process?

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What positive outcome should a nurse anticipate in a patient taking Vasotec, an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?

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