Which of the following are indicative of hypochondriasis? (Select all that apply.)

Symptoms most commonly appear in early childhood

First diagnosed following a severe stressor.

Sufferers usually have strained interpersonal relationships

The course of the disorder follows a see-saw pattern and tends to become chronic

More frequent in person exposed to a serious illness in childhood

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

C. Hypochondriasis can strain interpersonal relationships due to excessive preoccupation with health concerns, frequent doctor visits, and seeking reassurance from others.

D. Hypochondriasis often follows a chronic course with periods of intense anxiety about health alternating with periods of relative calm. Despite reassurances and negative medical tests, individuals with hypochondriasis may continue to worry about their health

A. Hypochondriasis typically develops in adulthood rather than childhood. It involves persistent anxiety about health and the interpretation of normal bodily sensations as signs of serious illness. Childhood is less commonly associated with the onset of hypochondriasis.

B. While stress can exacerbate symptoms of hypochondriasis, it is not typically diagnosed immediately following a specific stressor. The disorder often develops gradually over time due to a combination of factors, including anxiety, personality traits, and past experiences with illness.

E. There is no consistent evidence suggesting that exposure to serious illness in childhood predisposes individuals to hypochondriasis. The disorder is more associated with individual psychological factors, cognitive biases, and anxiety sensitivity rather than childhood illness exposure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C Somatoform disorders are characterized by physical symptoms that suggest a medical condition but cannot be fully explained by a general medical condition, another mental disorder, or substance use. Individuals with somatoform disorders often experience distress or impairment due to these symptoms despite medical reassurance that no physical cause can be found.

A. Dysthymia is a type of persistent depressive disorder characterized by a depressed mood that lasts for at least two years. It typically involves emotional and behavioral symptoms rather than physical symptoms without clinical findings.

B. Body dysmorphic disorder involves a preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others. While it involves body image concerns, it does not manifest as physical symptoms in the absence of objective findings.

D. Major depressive disorder primarily involves mood disturbances such as sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, and changes in appetite or sleep. While physical symptoms like fatigue and changes in weight can occur, they are not typically reported persistently without objective clinical findings as seen in somatoform disorders.

A. A male client with severe long-lasting major depression and at risk for suicide B. A male client with major depressive disorder and history of heart disease C. A female client with dysthymic disorder D. A female client with major depression and brain metastasis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. ECT is often considered for severe major depression that has not responded to other treatments, especially when there is a risk of suicide. ECT can provide rapid relief of symptoms, which is crucial in cases where immediate intervention is needed to prevent harm to the patient.

B. While ECT is generally safe for individuals with medical conditions, including heart disease, special precautions might be needed. However, the presence of heart disease alone would not necessarily preclude ECT if the benefits outweigh the risks and if the client's cardiac status is stable.

C. Dysthymic disorder, characterized by persistent depressive symptoms that are less severe than major depression, typically does not warrant ECT. ECT is usually reserved for more severe forms of depression that significantly impair daily functioning or pose a risk to the patient's safety.

D. ECT may be contraindicated or require careful consideration in clients with brain metastasis due to potential risks related to increased intracranial pressure or neurological complications. Alternative treatments may be preferred in such cases.

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Which of the following are indicative of hypochondriasis? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client continually reports physical symptoms in the absence of objective clinical findings. The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which client would the nurse expect to prepare for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Which of the following is a stage of the illness experience?

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What is the main issue for adolescents with anorexia?

Hospitalization of a client with a dissociative disorder is required in which situation?