Which of the following activities are appropriate for a child who is recovering from orchiopexy?

A. Gross hematuria: Gross hematuria refers to visible blood in the urine, which can present as pink, red, or cola-colored urine. While hematuria can be associated with various kidney conditions, including Wilms' tumor, it is not a consistent or defining symptom of this specific tumor. Additionally, because the tumor is typically confined within the kidney and does not usually invade the urinary tract, gross hematuria might not always be present.

B. Dysuria: Dysuria is the medical term for painful or difficult urination. It is not a typical symptom of Wilms' tumor, as this tumor primarily affects the kidney and may not directly affect the urinary tract in a way that causes painful urination.

C. An abdominal mass: This is the correct answer. Wilms' tumor often presents as a palpable abdominal mass, which may be felt during physical examination. The mass is usually firm, non-tender, and confined to one side of the abdomen. Detection of an abdominal mass should prompt further diagnostic evaluation to confirm the diagnosis and plan appropriate treatment.

D. Nausea and vomiting: While some children with Wilms' tumor may experience nausea and vomiting, these symptoms are nonspecific and can be caused by various conditions. They are not considered characteristic or defining features of Wilms' tumor. The presence of nausea and vomiting would prompt further assessment to determine the underlying cause

A. Pain management is critical for burn care, especially before activities like physical therapy that can be painful. Administering pain medication 30 minutes before therapy helps ensure the child is more comfortable and able to participate effectively in rehabilitation. This is a recommended intervention.

B. While involving the child in decisions about their care can promote autonomy and improve adherence, the schedule for burn care and therapy should be based on medical needs and healing processes rather than the child's preference. Care schedules should be designed to optimize healing and manage pain effectively.

C. Provide low-calorie snacks:Burn patients typically have increased nutritional needs due to the high metabolic demands of healing. High-calorie, protein-rich snacks are usually recommended to support wound healing and overall recovery, rather than low-calorie options.

D. Maintain medical asepsis during dressing changes: For burn care, maintaining sterile technique is critical to prevent infection. Medical asepsis is generally not sufficient; sterile technique is required for dressing changes to reduce the risk of infection.