Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Metformin.
Glipizide.
Insulin lispro.
Exenatide.
The Correct Answer is A
Metformin is a commonly used oral antidiabetic medication that improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, reduces hepatic glucose production, and enhances glucose uptake by cells.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas, rather than increasing insulin sensitivity.
c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog used for mealtime coverage in insulin therapy.
d. This choice is incorrect. Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that stimulates insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon release, but it does not primarily target insulin sensitivity.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune process in which the body's immune system destroys the pancreatic beta cells responsible for producing insulin. This results in an absolute deficiency of insulin, requiring exogenous insulin administration for glycemic control.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, rather than autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and involves impaired glucose tolerance, but it does not result from autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune condition in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys pancreatic beta cells, resulting in a lack of insulin production.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, but pancreatic beta cells are not completely destroyed.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. It is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
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