Which of the following best describes type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

Onset typically occurs in adulthood.

Caused by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

Mainly managed through oral hypoglycemic agents.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. It is not primarily characterized by insulin resistance (choice a) and is not typically diagnosed in adulthood (choice b). Oral hypoglycemic agents (choice d) are not the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus can lead to damage of small blood vessels and nerves, resulting in neuropathy characterized by numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically manifestations of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.

b. This choice is incorrect. Blurred vision and vision loss are associated with diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication, not nerve damage.

c. This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are related to the effects of hyperglycemia on blood flow and immune function, rather than nerve damage.

A. Increased appetite, weight gain, and bloating. B. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. C. Pallor, palpitations, and pain. D. Panic attacks, paranoia, and paresthesia.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The "three P's" of diabetes mellitus refer to polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger) due to the body's inability to effectively use glucose for energy.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Increased appetite, weight gain, and bloating are not characteristic of diabetes mellitus; rather, diabetes is associated with weight loss despite increased appetite (polyphagia).

c. This choice is incorrect. Pallor, palpitations, and pain are not specific manifestations of diabetes mellitus.

d. This choice is incorrect. Panic attacks, paranoia, and paresthesia are not typical clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus.

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Which of the following best describes type 1 diabetes mellitus?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus results from chronic hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels and nerves?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which clinical manifestation is often referred to as the "three P's" of diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin production?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which diagnostic test is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is not related to insulin deficiency or resistance, but rather results from genetic mutations affecting the function of specific genes involved in beta cell function?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with weight loss despite increased appetite?

Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?

Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?