Which classification of diabetes mellitus is not related to insulin deficiency or resistance, but rather results from genetic mutations affecting the function of specific genes involved in beta cell function?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY).

Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

MODY is a rare form of diabetes caused by genetic mutations affecting beta cell function. It is not primarily related to insulin deficiency or resistance.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and insulin deficiency.

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

d. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and is not primarily caused by genetic mutations.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, helping to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy to provide consistent background insulin coverage.

d. This choice is incorrect. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate absorption in the intestines and is used to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.

A. Fasting blood glucose test. B. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test. C. C-peptide test. D. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The OGTT measures the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood by drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood glucose levels at specific intervals. It is commonly used to diagnose diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

b. This choice is incorrect. The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

c. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test assesses insulin production by the pancreas and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

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Which classification of diabetes mellitus is not related to insulin deficiency or resistance, but rather results from genetic mutations affecting the function of specific genes involved in beta cell function?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which diagnostic test is used to assess the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood and is commonly used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which dietary component is particularly important for individuals with diabetes mellitus to monitor and control due to its direct impact on blood glucose levels?

Which diagnostic test is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is primarily characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency?

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?

Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?

Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?