Which laboratory results should the nurse closely monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.
Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.
Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.
Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice C reason: serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus are electrolytes that can be affected by ESRD. ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood. This can cause electrolyte imbalances that can lead to serious complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone disorders, or metabolic acidosis. The nurse should closely monitor these electrolytes and report any abnormal values.
Choice A reason: blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature are vital signs that are not specific to ESRD. Vital signs can be influenced by many factors and may not reflect the severity of kidney damage. The nurse should monitor vital signs regularly, but not as closely as electrolytes.
Choice B reason: leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine are not laboratory results that are directly related to ESRD. Leukocytes and neutrophils are types of white blood cells that are involved in immune response and inflammation. Thyroxine is a hormone that regulates metabolism and growth. These laboratory results may be altered by other conditions or medications, but not by ESRD.
Choice D reason: erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit are laboratory results that measure the red blood cell count and oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. These laboratory results may be decreased in ESRD due to anemia, which is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. However, anemia is not as life-threatening as electrolyte imbalances and can be treated with erythropoietin injections or iron supplements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B reason: a fitted respirator mask is required for droplet precautions, which are indicated for clients with influenza. The nurse should remind the UAP to apply a fitted respirator mask before entering the client’s room and ensure that it is worn correctly.
Choice A reason: a face mask is not sufficient for droplet precautions, which are indicated for clients with influenza. A face mask can protect against large droplets, but not against small droplets that can remain in the air and be inhaled.
Choice C reason: assigning the UAP to provide care for another client and assuming full care of the client is not necessary or feasible. The UAP can assist the client with influenza as long as they follow the appropriate infection control measures, such as wearing a fitted respirator mask, gloves, and gown.
Choice D reason: instructing the UAP to notify the nurse of any changes in the client’s respiratory status is not as important as reminding them to apply a fitted respirator mask before entering the client’s room. The UAP should report any changes in the client’s condition, but this does not prevent exposure to influenza.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This hernia is a normal variation that resolves without treatment is a correct explanation for the nurse to provide, as this refers to an umbilical hernia, which is a common and harmless condition in infants that usually disappears by age 2. Therefore, this is the correct choice.
Choice B reason: An abdominal binder can be worn daily to reduce the protrusion is not an appropriate explanation for the nurse to provide, as this is not an effective or recommended method to treat a hernia. This is a distractor choice.
Choice C reason: Restrictive clothing will be adequate to help the hernia go away is not a relevant explanation for the nurse to provide, as this does not affect the hernia or its resolution. This is another distractor choice.
Choice D reason: The quarter should be secured with an elastic bandage wrap is not a sensible explanation for the nurse to provide, as this is a folk remedy that has no scientific basis and can cause skin irritation and infection. This is another distractor choice.
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