Which intervention is most effective in restoring healthy gut flora after antibiotic treatment has caused diarrhea?
Increase hydration
Doxycycline
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Psyllium Husk
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Increasing hydration is important for preventing dehydration but does not restore gut flora.
B. Doxycycline is an antibiotic and would worsen disruption of gut microbiota.
C. Lactobacillus acidophilus (a probiotic) helps restore normal intestinal flora balance after antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
D. Psyllium husk is a fiber supplement that aids in bowel regularity but does not restore microbial balance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and low HCO₃⁻. Here HCO₃⁻ is near normal (26 mEq/L), so a primary metabolic disorder is unlikely. The elevated PaCO₂ explains the acidemia.
B. Respiratory alkalosis produces an increased pH and decreased PaCO₂. This ABG shows a low pH and markedly elevated PaCO₂ (68 mm Hg), so it is not respiratory alkalosis.
C. The low pH (7.22) with a markedly elevated PaCO₂ (68 mm Hg) indicates primary respiratory acidosis due to hypoventilation (consistent with RR 7/min). The bicarbonate (26 mEq/L) is near normal, suggesting an acute respiratory acidosis with little metabolic compensation. The low PaO₂ and low saturation indicate significant hypoxemia as well.
D. Metabolic alkalosis would show an elevated pH with an elevated HCO₃⁻. This ABG demonstrates acidemia with normal HCO₃⁻ and high PaCO₂, so metabolic alkalosis is not the cause.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Petechiae are small, red or purple spots caused by capillary bleeding and are common in advanced cirrhosis due to thrombocytopenia and coagulation defects.
B. Peripheral ulcers are not typically associated with cirrhosis.
C. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition unrelated to liver disease.
D. Hypertension is not a hallmark of advanced cirrhosis; portal hypertension may occur, but systemic hypertension is not expected.
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