A nurse is planning care for a client who has viral hepatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Encourage eating three large meals daily.
Provide a high carbohydrate diet.
Include high protein snacks.
Administer acetaminophen for pain.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Clients with hepatitis often experience anorexia and nausea. Small, frequent meals are better tolerated than three large meals.
B. Carbohydrates are the primary source of calories in clients with hepatitis. They help spare protein and allow the liver to rest and heal. This is the recommended dietary intervention.
C. Protein should be limited in clients with severe hepatitis, especially if liver function is impaired, because excess protein can worsen encephalopathy.
D. Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic and should be avoided in clients with hepatitis due to the risk of further liver damage.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Pain assessment is important but not the immediate priority following an EGD. Discomfort is expected after the procedure, yet it does not pose the greatest risk to airway safety.
B. Nausea should be monitored, especially since sedation and irritation of the upper GI tract can cause vomiting, but this is not the most critical concern immediately after the procedure.
C. The gag reflex must be assessed first because topical anesthetics used during the EGD suppress the swallowing and protective airway reflexes. If oral fluids or food are given before the gag reflex returns, the client is at high risk for aspiration, which can lead to pneumonia or airway obstruction. Ensuring the gag reflex has returned is the priority safety measure before advancing the diet or giving oral medications.
D. Level of consciousness should also be assessed, since sedatives are commonly used during the procedure. However, the risk of aspiration from an absent gag reflex presents a more immediate threat to life and therefore takes priority.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Replacing lost blood components requires blood products, not isotonic crystalloids.
B. Isotonic crystalloid fluids (e.g., 0.9% sodium chloride, lactated Ringer’s) are administered to restore extracellular fluid volume in clients with fluid volume deficit.
C. While isotonic solutions contain electrolytes, their primary purpose is volume replacement, not rapid electrolyte correction.
D. Correcting metabolic acidosis may require specific interventions; isotonic fluids alone do not address acid-base imbalances.
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