Which goal is appropriate for a client who is experiencing diarrhea? The client will:

defecate regularly.

increase ingestion of fruits.

limit fluid intake.

regain normal stool consistency.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. This is the most appropriate goal for a client experiencing diarrhea. Diarrhea is characterized by loose or watery stools, and the goal of treatment is to restore normal stool consistency. This goal focuses on improving the symptoms and resolving the underlying cause of diarrhea, whether it's due to infection, dietary factors, or other reasons.

A. "Defecating regularly" does not necessarily imply improvement in diarrhea symptoms or resolution of the underlying cause. It is vague and does not provide a clear target related to diarrhea management.

B. Increasing ingestion of fruits may be beneficial for some individuals as fruits contain fiber and fluids that can help regulate bowel movements and maintain hydration. However, certain fruits high in fiber (e.g., apples, pears) may exacerbate diarrhea in some cases. This goal should be tailored based on the individual's tolerance and specific dietary needs.

C. This goal is not appropriate for managing diarrhea. Diarrhea leads to fluid loss and dehydration, so limiting fluid intake can worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Adequate fluid intake is crucial to replace lost fluids and maintain hydration during episodes of diarrhea.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increased pH (alkalosis) and an increased HCO3. In this case, the pH is elevated (7.5), indicating alkalosis, which supports metabolic alkalosis. The HCO3 is elevated at 40 mEq/L, which further supports metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO2 is normal or slightly low (36 mmHg), which can occur as a compensatory response to metabolic alkalosis.

A. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by an increase in pH (alkalosis) and a decrease in PaCO2 (hypocapnia). In this scenario, the pH is elevated (7.5), which indicates alkalosis. The PaCO2 is 36 mmHg, which is within the normal range (35-45 mmHg) but slightly on the lower side (slight hypocapnia). The HCO3 is elevated at 40 mEq/L, which suggests a compensatory response by the kidneys to retain bicarbonate to counteract the alkalosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a decrease in pH (acidosis) and an increase in PaCO2 (hypercapnia). In this case, the pH is elevated (7.5), indicating alkalosis, which contradicts respiratory acidosis. The PaCO2 is 36 mmHg, which is normal or slightly low, not high as expected in respiratory acidosis. The elevated HCO3 (40 mEq/L) suggests a compensatory metabolic response to the alkalosis, not to acidosis.

C. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased pH (acidosis) and a decreased HCO3. In this scenario, the pH is elevated (7.5), indicating alkalosis, which contradicts metabolic acidosis. The HCO3 is elevated at 40 mEq/L, indicating metabolic alkalosis rather than metabolic acidosis.

A. Keep the environment free of obstacles B. Raise the bed for client ease upon exiting C. Avoid bright lighting D. Keep linens away from nursing uniform

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is essential to prevent falls, which are a common and serious risk for the elderly. A clutter-free environment allows for safe and easy mobility.

B. Raising the bed, can actually increase the risk of falls if the bed is too high for safe exit.

C. Bright lighting can cause glare and visual discomfort for elderly individuals, especially those with age- related eye conditions such as cataracts or macular degeneration. However, adequate lighting is crucial for safety. The key is to provide sufficient lighting that is evenly distributed and free of glare or harsh shadows, which can help prevent falls.

D. While keeping linens away from the nursing uniform is good practice for infection control, it does not directly relate to the immediate physical safety of the client in the same way that a clear environment does.

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Which goal is appropriate for a client who is experiencing diarrhea? The client will:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted to the medical-surgical unit with a chief complaint of prolonged vomiting over the past 24 hours. Based on the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of pH 7.5. PaCO2 36, HCO3 40, the nurse determines that the client is experiencing:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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