Which formula should be used to calculate an incidence rate?
Number of true negatives/number of true negatives + number of false positives.
Number of new cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10.
Number of true positives/number of true positives + number of false negatives.
Number of new cases+ number old cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Number of true negatives / (true negatives + false positives): This formula is used to calculate specificity, not incidence.
B. Number of new cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: Incidence rate measures the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period. It is expressed per a base population size (e.g., per 1,000 or 100,000 people) to allow for comparisons across different populations.
C. Number of true positives / (true positives + false negatives): This formula is used to calculate sensitivity, not incidence.
D. Number of new cases + number of old cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: This describes prevalence, which includes both new and existing cases, not incidence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Salmonella is a bacterial infection." Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterium that causes foodborne illness.
B. "Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever." These are common symptoms of Salmonella infection, particularly gastroenteritis.
C. "Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air." Salmonella is a bacterial infection that spreads primarily through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected animals. It does not form spores, and exposure to air does not play a role in its transmission.
D. "Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period." While the incubation period can range from 6 to 72 hours, 48 hours falls within the expected time frame.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Elevated growths with a "cauliflower" appearance: HPV lesions, or genital warts, present as raised, rough-textured growths resembling a cauliflower, often found in the genital and anal areas.
B. Thin-walled pustules that rupture to form honey-colored crusts: This describes impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, not HPV.
C. Vesicles that ulcerate and crust within 1 to 4 days: This describes herpes simplex virus (HSV) lesions, which differ from HPV warts in appearance and progression.
D. Solitary growth with elevated borders and a central depression: This describes basal cell carcinoma, not HPV-related lesions.
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