Which formula should be used to calculate an incidence rate?
Number of true negatives/number of true negatives + number of false positives.
Number of new cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10.
Number of true positives/number of true positives + number of false negatives.
Number of new cases+ number old cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Number of true negatives / (true negatives + false positives): This formula is used to calculate specificity, not incidence.
B. Number of new cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: Incidence rate measures the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period. It is expressed per a base population size (e.g., per 1,000 or 100,000 people) to allow for comparisons across different populations.
C. Number of true positives / (true positives + false negatives): This formula is used to calculate sensitivity, not incidence.
D. Number of new cases + number of old cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: This describes prevalence, which includes both new and existing cases, not incidence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
parasite) that causes disease. In this case, the bacteria responsible for a vaginal infection is the infectious agent.
B. Agent and Host: While the host is the individual affected by the infection, the question specifically asks about the bacteria, which falls solely under the agent category.
C. Environment: The environment in the epidemiologic triangle refers to external conditions that contribute to disease transmission, such as hygiene, climate, and healthcare practices. The bacteria itself is not an environmental factor.
D. Host: The host refers to the person or animal that harbors the infection, not the bacteria itself.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B is a bloodborne disease, primarily spread through contact with infected bodily fluids, not through a vector.
B. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a vector-borne disease transmitted by tick bites. Vectors are living organisms, such as mosquitoes or ticks, that carry infectious agents.
C. E. coli O157:H7: E. coli is a foodborne illness that spreads through contaminated food or water, not via a vector.
D. Anthrax: Anthrax is a bacterial infection that spreads through direct contact, ingestion, or inhalation of spores, not through a vector.
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